Horario

Un horario, calendario, programa, o schedule,^[1] como herramienta básica de gestión del tiempo, consta de una lista de horas en las que determinados acontecimientos o acciones pueden tener lugar, o de una secuencia de acontecimientos en el orden cronológico en que tendrán lugar. El proceso de crear un programa - decidir cómo ordenar las tareas que lo integran y cómo comprometer recursos entre la variedad de tareas posibles - se llama programar, y a la persona responsable de hacer un programa particular se le puede llamar programador.^[2]^[3] La preparación y el seguimiento de programas es una actividad humana antigua.^[4]

Algunos escenarios asocian "esta forma de programar" con aprender "habilidades de vida".^[5]^[6] Los programas son necesarios, o al menos útiles, en situaciones donde los individuos necesitan saber qué tiempo tienen que permanecer en una ubicación concreta para recibir un servicio concreto, y cuando las personas necesitan cumplir un conjunto de objetivos dentro de un periodo de tiempo establecido.

Los programas pueden abarcar útilmente tanto periodos cortos, por ejemplo un programa diario o semanal, como periodos largos de varios meses o años.^[7] Son a menudo implementados utilizando un calendario, donde la persona que hace el programa puede anotar las fechas y los tiempos en los qué varios acontecimientos están planeados para ocurrir. Un programa no pone fechas futuras concretas a los acontecimientos que deben ocurrir, sino que lista algoríticamente un orden esperado en el que los acontecimientos pueden o deben tener lugar.

En algunas situaciones, los programas pueden ser inciertos, como aquellos donde actividad diaria se confía en factores medioambientales fuera de control humano.^[8] Las personas que están de vacaciones o de alguna manera buscando reducir el estrés y conseguir una relajación, quizá evitan tener actividades programadas durante cierto periodo de tiempo.

↑ ASALE (8 de julio de 2024). «schedule | Diccionario de americanismos». «Diccionario de americanismos». Consultado el 20 de julio de 2024.
↑ See Hojjat Adeli, Asim Karim, Construction Scheduling, Cost Optimization and Management (2003), p. 54.
↑ Ofer Zwikael, John Smyrk, Project Management for the Creation of Organisational Value (2011), p. 196: "The process is called scheduling, the output from which is a timetable of some form".
↑ James, C. Renée (2014). Science Unshackled. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 14. ISBN 1421415003. «This obsession with timekeeping isn't anything new, though. Ancient schedules revolved around annual, seasonal, monthly, or daily rhythms, and innumerable examples of timekeeping structures and rock carvings from these early cultures still pepper our planet in famous places like Stonehenge in Wiltshire County, England, and in less famous places like the V-V Ranch Petroglyph site near Sedona, Arizona.»
↑ Kohl Coston, Phyllis (2013). Celebration of Success. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse. p. 26. ISBN 9781491802311. Consultado el 2 de septiembre de 2014. «[Allison] and Evan believe this kind of planning teaches responsibility and consideration for others as well as helping the boys learn life skills such as time management, the importance of being a team member, and ownership of calendar details.»
↑ Karniol, Rachel (2010). Social Development as Preference Management: How Infants, Children, and Parents Get What They Want from One Another. Cambridge University Press. p. 129. ISBN 1139484001. «[P]arents have agendas that dictate how they prioritize their own behavior. These agendas necessarily require them to plan and set up schedules and children's preferences may play a subsidiary role in these schedules.»
↑ Dennis Coon, John Mitterer, Psychology: Modules for Active Learning (2007), p. 7.
↑ Compare some aspects of hunter-gatherer society: Lee, Richard B. (1998). «What hunters do for a living, or, how to make out on scarce resources». En Gowdy, John, ed. Limited Wants, Unlimited Means: A Reader On Hunter-Gatherer Economics And The Environment. Island Press. p. 52. ISBN 9781559635554. Consultado el 9 de septiembre de 2014. «The hunters[' ...] schedule is uneven. it is not unusual for a man to hunt avidly for a week and then do no hunting at all for two or three weeks. Since hunting is an unpredictable business and subject to magical control, hunters sometimes experience a run of bad luck and stop hunting for a month or longer. During these periods, visiting, entertaining, and especially dancing are the primary activities of men.»

[1] ASALE (8 de julio de 2024). «schedule | Diccionario de americanismos». «Diccionario de americanismos». Consultado el 20 de julio de 2024.

[2] See Hojjat Adeli, Asim Karim, Construction Scheduling, Cost Optimization and Management (2003), p. 54.

[Zwikael-3] Ofer Zwikael, John Smyrk, Project Management for the Creation of Organisational Value (2011), p. 196: "The process is called scheduling, the output from which is a timetable of some form".

[4] James, C. Renée (2014). Science Unshackled. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 14. ISBN 1421415003. «This obsession with timekeeping isn't anything new, though. Ancient schedules revolved around annual, seasonal, monthly, or daily rhythms, and innumerable examples of timekeeping structures and rock carvings from these early cultures still pepper our planet in famous places like Stonehenge in Wiltshire County, England, and in less famous places like the V-V Ranch Petroglyph site near Sedona, Arizona.»

[5] Kohl Coston, Phyllis (2013). Celebration of Success. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse. p. 26. ISBN 9781491802311. Consultado el 2 de septiembre de 2014. «[Allison] and Evan believe this kind of planning teaches responsibility and consideration for others as well as helping the boys learn life skills such as time management, the importance of being a team member, and ownership of calendar details.»

[6] Karniol, Rachel (2010). Social Development as Preference Management: How Infants, Children, and Parents Get What They Want from One Another. Cambridge University Press. p. 129. ISBN 1139484001. «[P]arents have agendas that dictate how they prioritize their own behavior. These agendas necessarily require them to plan and set up schedules and children's preferences may play a subsidiary role in these schedules.»

[7] Dennis Coon, John Mitterer, Psychology: Modules for Active Learning (2007), p. 7.

[8] Compare some aspects of hunter-gatherer society: Lee, Richard B. (1998). «What hunters do for a living, or, how to make out on scarce resources». En Gowdy, John, ed. Limited Wants, Unlimited Means: A Reader On Hunter-Gatherer Economics And The Environment. Island Press. p. 52. ISBN 9781559635554. Consultado el 9 de septiembre de 2014. «The hunters[' ...] schedule is uneven. it is not unusual for a man to hunt avidly for a week and then do no hunting at all for two or three weeks. Since hunting is an unpredictable business and subject to magical control, hunters sometimes experience a run of bad luck and stop hunting for a month or longer. During these periods, visiting, entertaining, and especially dancing are the primary activities of men.»

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

Horario

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · View on Wikipedia