The Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD), a bipartisan organization formed in 1987, organized four debates among the major presidential candidates: three presidential debates and one vice-presidential debate. Republican nominee George H. W. Bush, Democratic nominee Bill Clinton, and Independent candidate Ross Perot met the criteria for inclusion in the debates. The CPD-sponsored vice presidential debate took place between Republican nominee Dan Quayle, Democratic nominee Al Gore, and Independent candidate (running-mate of Ross Perot) James Stockdale.
^"CPD: 1988 Debates". www.debates.org. Archived from the original on January 8, 2019. Retrieved January 8, 2019.