Back 369-a infanteria regimento Esperanto 369.º Regimiento de Infantería (Estados Unidos) Spanish 369e régiment d'infanterie (États-Unis) French 369-й пехотный полк (США) Russian กรมทหารราบที่ 369 (สหรัฐ) Thai 第369步兵团 (美国) Chinese
| 15th New York National Guard Regiment 369th Infantry Regiment | |
|---|---|
&sq=Google&lang=en&file=File:369th_InfantryCOA.jpeg) Coat of arms | |
| Active | 2 June 1913–present (369th Sustainment Brigade) 15 May 1942–3 February 1946 (AUS) |
| Country |  United States |
| Branch |  United States Army French Army (attached during WWI) |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | Regiment |
| Nickname(s) | Hell-fighters, Men Of Bronze, Black Rattlers |
| Motto(s) | "Don't Tread On Me, God Damn, Let's Go" |
| Engagements | World War I |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | William Hayward (American attorney) Benjamin O. Davis Sr. |
| Insignia | |
| DUI | &sq=Google&lang=en&file=File:369SustainBdeDUI.jpg) |
| U.S. Infantry Regiments | ||||
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The 369th Infantry Regiment, originally formed as the 15th New York National Guard Regiment before it was re-organized as the 369th upon its federalization and commonly referred to as the Harlem Hellfighters, was an infantry regiment of the New York Army National Guard during World War I and World War II. The regiment mainly consisted of African Americans, but it also included men from Puerto Rico, Cuba, Guyana, Liberia, Portugal, Canada, the West Indies, as well as white American officers.[2] With the 370th Infantry Regiment,[3] it was known for being one of the first African-American regiments to serve with the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I.[4]
The regiment was named the Black Rattlers after arriving in France by its commander Colonel William Hayward.[5] The nickname Men of Bronze (French: Hommes de Bronze) was given to the regiment by the French after they had witnessed the gallantry of the Americans fighting in the trenches. Legend has it that they were called the Hellfighters (German: Höllenkämpfer) by the German enemy, although there is no documentation of this and the moniker may have been a creation of the American press.[6][7][8] During World War I, the 369th spent 191 days in front line trenches, more than any other American unit. They also suffered the most losses of any American regiment, with 1,500 casualties.[9][10] The regiment was also the first of the Allied forces to cross the Rhine into Germany.
- ^ Nelson 2009.
- ^ "15th New York National Guard Enlistment Records | New York Heritage".
- ^ "E.J. Scott. The American Negro in the World War. Chapter XV". net.lib.byu.edu.
- ^ Gero 2009, p. 44.
- ^ Harlem's Rattlers and the Great War: The Undaunted 369th Regiment and the African American Quest for Equality
- ^ "369th Infantry Regiment "Harlem Hellfighters" •". 18 January 2007.
- ^ Wang 2014.
- ^ Gero 2009, p. 56.
- ^ "One Hundred Years Ago, the Harlem Hellfighters Bravely Led the U.S. Into WWI".
- ^ "Photographs of the 369th Infantry and African Americans during World War I". National Archives. 15 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2021.