Abhisit Vejjajiva

Abhisit Vejjajiva MPCh MWM
อภิสิทธิ์ เวชชาชีวะ
Abhisit in 2010
27th Prime Minister of Thailand
In office 17 December 2008 – 5 August 2011
Monarch	Bhumibol Adulyadej
Deputy	See list Kobsak Sabhavasu Trairong Suwankiri Suthep Thaugsuban Sanan Kachornprasart
Preceded by	Chavarat Charnvirakul (acting)
Succeeded by	Yingluck Shinawatra
Leader of the Opposition
In office 16 September 2011 – 8 December 2013
Prime Minister	Yingluck Shinawatra
Succeeded by	Sompong Amornwiwat (2019)
In office 23 April 2005 – 17 December 2008
Prime Minister	Thaksin Shinawatra Samak Sundaravej Somchai Wongsawat
Preceded by	Banyat Bantadtan
Member of the House of Representatives for the Democrat Party List
In office 6 January 2001 – 5 June 2019
Member of the House of Representatives for Bangkok
In office 22 March 1992 – 9 November 2000
Constituency	5th District (1992 (Mar), 1992 (Sep), 1995) 6th District (1996)
Leader of the Democrat Party
In office 6 March 2005 – 24 March 2019
Preceded by	Banyat Bantadtan
Succeeded by	Jurin Laksanawisit
Minister to the Office of the Prime Minister
In office 14 November 1997 – 17 February 2001
Prime Minister	Chuan Leekpai
Preceded by	Sampan Lertnuwat Phusana Preemanoch Pitak Intrawityanunt
Succeeded by	Chaturon Chaisang Somsak Thepsuthin Krasae Chanawongse
Personal details
Born	Mark Abhisit Vejjajiva (1964-08-03) 3 August 1964 (age 60) Newcastle upon Tyne, England[1][2]
Citizenship	England Thailand
Political party	Independent
Other political affiliations	Democrat (1992–2023)
Spouse	Pimpen Vejjajiva
Children	2[3]
Alma mater	St John's College, Oxford Ramkhamhaeng University
Signature

Abhisit Vejjajiva MPCh MWM (pronunciation^ⓘ; Thai: อภิสิทธิ์ เวชชาชีวะ, RTGS: Aphisit Wetchachiwa, Thai pronunciation: [ʔà.pʰí.sìt wêːt.tɕʰāː.tɕʰīː.wáʔ] ^ⓘ; born 3 August 1964) is a Thai politician who was the 21st prime minister of Thailand from 2008 to 2011. He was the leader of the Democrat Party^[4] from 2005 until he resigned following the party's weak performance in the 2019 election. As leader of the second largest party in the House of Representatives, he was also leader of the opposition – a position he held from 2005 to 2008 and again after his premiership until his party's en masse resignation from the House on 8 December 2013.^[5] Abhisit is the last prime minister neither coming from the military nor being related to the Shinawatra family to date.

Born in England to Thai parents, Abhisit also holds British citizenship. He attended Eton College and earned bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Oxford.^[6] After his graduation he taught as an economics lecturer at Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy and Thammasat University. Abhisit was elected to the Thai House of Representatives at the age of 27 and served as minister to the Office of the Prime Minister under Chuan Leekpai from 1997 to 2001. He narrowly lost the 2003 Democrat Party leadership election, but unopposedly became the party's chairman two years later following the Democrats' defeat in the 2005 general election.^[7]

Abhisit was appointed prime minister of Thailand on 17 December 2008, after the Constitutional Court of Thailand removed Prime Minister Somchai Wongsawat from office.^[8][9] At age 44, he was the country's youngest prime minister in more than 60 years.^[10]

Abhisit became premier during the Great Recession and rising domestic political tensions.^[11] As prime minister, he promoted a "People's Agenda", which focused primarily on policies affecting the living conditions of Thailand's rural and working class citizens.^[12] He administered two economic stimulus packages: a US$40 billion, three-year infrastructure improvement plan, and a more than US$3 billion program of cash subsidies and handouts.^[13] By 2010, the stock market and the value of the baht had rebounded to their highest levels since the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. Human Rights Watch called Vejjajiva "the most prolific censor in recent Thai history" and Freedom House downgraded Thailand's rating of media freedom to "not free".^[14][15] Abhisit also advocated for stronger anti-corruption measures, although several members of his Cabinet resigned due to corruption scandals and parts of his economic stimulus packages were criticised for instances of alleged corruption.

Abhisit's government faced major protests in April 2009 and April–May 2010. The military's crackdowns on protesters left many dead.^[16][17] Abhisit launched a reconciliation plan to investigate the crackdown, but the work of the investigation commission was hampered by military and government agencies.^[18] The Thai Army clashed with Cambodian troops numerous times from 2009 to 2010 in the bloodiest fighting in over two decades.^[19] The South Thailand insurgency escalated during Abhisit's government, and reports of torture and human rights violations increased.

Having resigned the party leadership after the defeat the Democrats suffered in the parliamentary elections of 2011, Abhisit was re-elected as leader at a party assembly.

In 2018, the Democrats held a contest for party leader in preparation for the upcoming election. Abhisit was re-elected party leader, beating former PDRC leader, Warong Dechgitvigrom, by approximately 10,000 votes.^[20] However, after a poor showing in the 2019 election, Abhisit resigned as party leader.^[21][22]