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Scholars have studied and debated Muslim attitudes towards Jews, as well as the treatment of Jews in Islamic thought and societies throughout the history of Islam. Parts of the Islamic literary sources give mention to certain Jewish groups present in the past or present, which has led to debates. Some of this overlaps with Islamic remarks on non-Muslim religious groups in general.[1]
With the rise of Islam in Arabia in the 7th century CE and its subsequent spread during the early Muslim conquests, Jews, alongside many other peoples, became subject to the rule of Islamic polities.[2][3][4] Their quality of life under Muslim rule varied considerably in different periods, as did the attitudes of the rulers, government officials, the clergy, and the general population towards Jews, ranging from tolerance to persecution.[2][3][4]
A common antisemitic trope found in Islamic discourse is the accusation of Jews as the "killers of prophets".[5][6] This accusation is often interpreted as a condemnation of the entire Jewish people, believed by many to be an eternal charge.[6]
Reynolds 2012
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).