| Astrogliosis | |
|---|---|
 Formation of reactive astrocytes after central nervous system (CNS) injury | |
| Anatomical terminology |
Astrogliosis (also known as astrocytosis or referred to as reactive astrogliosis) is an abnormal increase in the number of astrocytes due to the destruction of nearby neurons from central nervous system (CNS) trauma, infection, ischemia, stroke, autoimmune responses or neurodegenerative disease. In healthy neural tissue, astrocytes play critical roles in energy provision, regulation of blood flow, homeostasis of extracellular fluid, homeostasis of ions and transmitters, regulation of synapse function and synaptic remodeling.[1][2] Astrogliosis changes the molecular expression and morphology of astrocytes, in response to infection for example, in severe cases causing glial scar formation that may inhibit axon regeneration.[3][4]
- ^ Gordon, Grant R. J.; Mulligan, Sean J.; MacVicar, Brian A. (2007). "Astrocyte control of the cerebrovasculature". Glia. 55 (12): 1214–21. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.477.3137. doi:10.1002/glia.20543. PMID 17659528. S2CID 5966765.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
fawcettwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Sofroniew, Michael V. (2009). "Molecular dissection of reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation". Trends in Neurosciences. 32 (12): 638–47. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2009.08.002. PMC 2787735. PMID 19782411.
- ^ McGraw, J.; Hiebert, G.W.; Steeves, J.D. (2001). "Modulating astrogliosis after neurotrauma". Journal of Neuroscience Research. 63 (2): 109–15. doi:10.1002/1097-4547(20010115)63:2<109::AID-JNR1002>3.0.CO;2-J. PMID 11169620. S2CID 24044609.