Auguste de Marmont

Marshal Auguste de Marmont Duke of Ragusa
Portrait by Andrea Appiani, 1798
Born	(1774-07-20)20 July 1774 Châtillon-sur-Seine, France
Died	22 March 1852(1852-03-22) (aged 77) Venice, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
Allegiance	French First Republic  First French Empire Bourbon Restoration
Service / branch	Army
Rank	Marshal of the Empire
Battles / wars	French Revolutionary Wars Napoleonic Wars
Awards	Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour

Auguste Frédéric Louis Viesse de Marmont, duc de Raguse (French pronunciation: [oɡyst fʁedeʁik lwi vjɛs də maʁmɔ̃]; 20 July 1774 – 22 March 1852) was a French general and nobleman who rose to the rank of Marshal of the Empire and was awarded the title Duke of Ragusa (French: duc de Raguse). In the Peninsular War Marmont succeeded the disgraced André Masséna in the command of the French army in northern Spain, but lost decisively at the Battle of Salamanca as France ultimately lost the war in Spain.

At the close of the War of the Sixth Coalition, Marmont went over to the Restoration and remained loyal to the Bourbons through the Hundred Days. This gave Marmont a reputation as a traitor among the remaining Bonapartists, and in French society more broadly. He led the royalist Paris garrison during the July Revolution in 1830, but his efforts proved incapable of quelling the revolution, leading King Charles X to accuse Marmont of betraying the Bourbons as he had betrayed the Bonapartes.

Marmont departed France with Charles's entourage and never returned to France. Spending his exile mostly in Vienna and other lands of the Austrian Empire, he died in Venice in 1852.