Back صبغي البكتيريا الصناعي Arabic Cromosoma artificial bacterià Catalan Bacterial Artificial Chromosome German Cromosoma artificial bacteriano Spanish Bakterioen Kromosoma Artifiziala Basque Chromosome artificiel bactérien French Cromosoma artificial bacteriano Galician Kromosom bakteri artifisial ID Bacterial artificial chromosome Italian 세균인공염색체 Korean
A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is a DNA construct, based on a functional fertility plasmid (or F-plasmid), used for transforming and cloning in bacteria, usually E. coli.[1][2][3] F-plasmids play a crucial role because they contain partition genes that promote the even distribution of plasmids after bacterial cell division. The bacterial artificial chromosome's usual insert size is 150–350 kbp.[4] A similar cloning vector called a PAC has also been produced from the DNA of P1 bacteriophage.
BACs were often used to sequence the genomes of organisms in genome projects, for example the Human Genome Project, though they have been replaced by more modern technologies. In BAC sequencing, short piece of the organism's DNA is amplified as an insert in BACs, and then sequenced. Finally, the sequenced parts are rearranged in silico, resulting in the genomic sequence of the organism. BACs were replaced with faster and less laborious sequencing methods like whole genome shotgun sequencing and now more recently next-gen sequencing.
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