| Battle of Pandu | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Indo-Pakistani war of 1947-1948 and Kashmir conflict | |||||||||
_on_a_map.png) Pandu in Azad Kashmir (Pakistan) on a map | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Dominion of Pakistan | |||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Tribal commander: |
 Lt. Col. Tur[9] Brig. Khanna (WIA) Gen. K.S. Thimayya Sher Singh (WIA)[2] Lt. Jasod (WIA)[10] | ||||||||
| Units involved | |||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 100 Killed[1] |
309 Killed[1] 1 aircraft shot down[11] | ||||||||
The Battle of Pandu,[12] also known as Operation Pandu,[note 2] was a pivotal engagement in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1947-1948. Fought in the Pandu massif along the Srinagar-Muzaffarabad road in Kashmir, the battle centered on control of the strategically important high ground. The Pakistani forces at Chakothi faced a disadvantage to Indian troops on the dominating peaks,[14] The Indian force planned an offensive towards Muzaffarabad through Pandu.[15] Having earlier lost key positions in Pandu to an Indian offensive, Pakistan launched a counter-operation to retake the area, ultimately led to the capture of the Pandu area.[16]
After the unsuccessful summer offensive towards Muzaffarabad from Pandu, the Indian forces launched preparations for a new offensive originating from Jammu. This operation aimed to push westward and northward to relieve Poonch and other areas from Pakistani control.[17] Lieutenant General Bajwa of the Indian Army acknowledged the Pakistani forces for holding their positions. These posts, currently under Pakistani control, offer a strategically advantageous view of the Uri valley in Indian-administered Kashmir, south of the Jhelum River.[18]
- ^ a b c Javaid 2023, p. 15.
- ^ a b Singh 2010, p. 185.
- ^ Sinha 1977, pp. 83–84 : Praval 1976, p. 185 : Khan 1975, pp. 138–142 : Singh 2010, p. 185
- ^ "General Tariq and the Rawalpindi Conspiracy Case - II". The Friday Times. 2021-01-08. Archived from the original on 2024-03-19. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
- ^ Gulati 2000, p. 339.
- ^ Singh 2010, p. 188.
- ^ Ahmed 1998, p. 221.
- ^ Ahmed 1998, p. 295.
- ^ Prasad 1987, pp. 212–213.
- ^ Singh 2010, p. 181.
- ^ Singh 2010, p. 189.
- ^ Qadri, Colonel Azam (2024-03-04). "They Led from the Front". hilal.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-03-01.
- ^ Khan, Babar (2023-08-17). "Second in command". The Nation. Archived from the original on 2024-03-17. Retrieved 2024-02-25.
- ^ Khan 1975, pp. 126–127 :
- ^ Prasad 1987, pp. 180–183 : Sinha 1977, pp. 31–33 : Sinha 1977, p. 87
- ^ Sinha 1977, pp. 83–84 : Praval 1976, p. 185
- ^ Khan 1975, p. 146.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
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