Benedict Calvert, 4th Baron Baltimore

The Right Honourable The Lord Baltimore
Portrait by unidentified painter, c. 1715.
10th Proprietary-Governor of Maryland
In office 1684–1688
Preceded by	Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore
Succeeded by	William Joseph
Personal details
Born	21 March 1679 England
Died	16 April 1715(1715-04-16) (aged 36) England
Spouse	Charlotte Lee, Lady Baltimore
Children	Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore Benedict Leonard Calvert Edward Henry Calvert Charlotte Calvert Jane Calvert Cecil Calvert
Parent(s)	Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore Jane Lowe
Occupation	Politician

Benedict Leonard Calvert, 4th Baron Baltimore (21 March 1679 – 16 April 1715) was an English peer and politician. He was the second son of Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore (1637–1715) by Jane Lowe, and became his father's heir upon the death of his elder brother Cecil in 1681. The 3rd Lord Baltimore was a devout Roman Catholic, and had lost his title to the Province of Maryland shortly after the events of the Glorious Revolution in 1688, when the Protestant monarchs William III and Mary II acceded to the British throne. Benedict Calvert made strenuous attempts to have his family's title to Maryland restored by renouncing Roman Catholicism and joining the Church of England.

In February 1715 Benedict became the 4th Baron Baltimore upon the death of his father, and he immediately petitioned King George I for the restoration of Maryland to his control. However, before the King could rule on the petition, Baltimore died aged 36, outliving his father by just two months. Shortly afterwards the King restored the title to Maryland to Calvert's young son Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore.