Bretagne-class battleship

Provence in harbor
Class overview
Preceded by	Courbet class
Succeeded by	Normandie class (planned) Dunkerque class (actual)
Built	1912–1916
In commission	1916–1953
Planned	4
Completed	3
Lost	2
Retired	1
General characteristics
Type	Battleship
Displacement	Normal: 23,936 metric tons (23,558 long tons) Full load: 26,000 metric tons (26,000 long tons)
Length	166 m (544 ft 7 in)
Beam	26.9 m (88 ft 3 in)
Draft	9.8 m (32 ft 2 in)
Installed power	18–24 boilers; 29,000 shp (22,000 kW)
Propulsion	4 shafts; steam turbines
Speed	20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph)
Range	4,600 nmi (8,500 km; 5,300 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
Crew	34 officers 139 petty officers 1,020 enlisted
Armament	10 × 340mm/45 Modèle 1912 guns After 1935 (Lorraine only) 8 × 340 mm/45 Modèle 1912 guns 22 × 1 138.6 mm Mle 1910 guns 4 × 47-millimetre (1.9 in) guns 4 × 450 mm (18 in) torpedo tubes After 1935: 14 × 1 138.6 mm Mle 1910 guns 8 × 75mm/50 Modèle 1922 guns
Armor	Belt: 270 mm (10.6 in) Decks: 40 mm (1.6 in) Conning tower: 314 mm (12.4 in) Turrets: 340 mm (13.4 in) Casemates: 170 mm (6.7 in)

The Bretagne-class battleships were the first "super-dreadnoughts" built for the French Navy during the First World War. The class comprised three vessels: Bretagne, the lead ship, Provence, and Lorraine. They were an improvement of the previous Courbet class, and mounted ten 340 mm (13.4 in) guns instead of twelve 305 mm (12 in) guns as on the Courbets. A fourth was ordered by the Greek Navy, though work was suspended due to the outbreak of the war. The three completed ships were named after French provinces.

The three ships saw limited service during World War I, and were primarily occupied with containing the Austro-Hungarian Navy in the Adriatic Sea. After the war, they conducted training cruises in the Mediterranean and participated in non-intervention patrols off Spain during the Spanish Civil War. After the outbreak of World War II, the ships were tasked with convoy duties and anti-commerce raider patrols until the fall of France in June 1940. Bretagne and Provence were sunk by the British Royal Navy during the Attack on Mers-el-Kébir the following month; Provence was later raised and towed to Toulon, where she was again scuttled in November 1942. Lorraine was disarmed by the British in Alexandria and recommissioned in 1942 to serve with the Free French Naval Forces. She provided gunfire support during Operation Dragoon, the invasion of southern France, and shelled German fortresses in northern France. She survived as a gunnery training ship and a floating barracks until the early 1950s, before being broken up for scrap in 1954. Bretagne and Provence were scrapped in 1952 and 1949, respectively.