Brucella

Brucella
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Pseudomonadota
Class:	Alphaproteobacteria
Order:	Hyphomicrobiales
Family:	Brucellaceae
Genus:	Brucella; Meyer and Shaw 1920 (Approved Lists 1980)
Species
	Brucella anthropi (Holmes et al. 1988) Hördt et al. 2020; "Brucella cetaceae" Cloeckaert et al. 2001; Brucella ceti Foster et al. 2007; Brucella ciceri (Imran et al. 2010) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella cytisi (Zurdo-Piñeiro et al. 2007) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella daejeonensis (Woo et al. 2011) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella endophytica (Li et al. 2016) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella gallinifaecis (Kämpfer et al. 2003) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella grignonensis (Lebuhn et al. 2000) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella haematophila (Kämpfer et al. 2007) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella inopinata Scholz et al. 2010; Brucella intermedia (Velasco et al. 1998) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella lupini (Trujillo et al. 2006) Hördt et al. 2020; "Brucella maris" Jahans et al. 1997; Brucella melitensis (Hughes 1893) Meyer and Shaw 1920 (Approved Lists 1980) Brucella abortus (Schmidt 1901) Meyer and Shaw 1920 (Approved Lists 1980); Brucella canis Carmichael and Bruner 1968 (Approved Lists 1980); Brucella neotomae Stoenner and Lackman 1957 (Approved Lists 1980); Brucella ovis Buddle 1956 (Approved Lists 1980); Brucella suis Huddleson 1929 (Approved Lists 1980); ; Brucella microti Scholz et al. 2008; Brucella oryzae (Tripathi et al. 2006) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella papionis Whatmore et al. 2014; Brucella pecoris (Kämpfer et al. 2011) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella pinnipedialis Foster et al. 2007; Brucella pituitosa (Huber et al 2010) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella pseudintermedia (Teyssier et al. 2007) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella pseudogrignonensis (Kämpfer et al. 2007) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella rhizosphaerae (Kämpfer et al. 2008) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella thiophenivorans (Kämpfer et al. 2008) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella tritici (Lebuhn et al. 2000) Hördt et al. 2020; Brucella vulpis Scholz et al. 2016;
Synonyms
	Ochrobactrum Holmes et al. 1988;

Brucella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria,^[2]^[3] named after David Bruce (1855–1931). They are small (0.5 to 0.7 by 0.6 to 1.5 μm), non-encapsulated, non-motile,^[4] facultatively intracellular coccobacilli.

Brucella spp. are the cause of brucellosis, which is a zoonosis transmitted by ingesting contaminated food (such as unpasteurized milk products), direct contact with an infected animal, or inhalation of aerosols. Transmission from human to human, for example, through sexual intercourse, or from mother to child, is exceedingly rare, but possible.^[5] Minimum infectious exposure is between 10 and 100 organisms.

The different species of Brucella are genetically very similar, although each has a slightly different host specificity. Hence, the National Center for Biotechnology Information taxonomy includes most Brucella species under B. melitensis.

The many names of brucellosis include (human disease/animal disease):

Malta fever/Bang's disease
Undulant fever/enzootic abortion
Mediterranean fever/epizootic abortion
Rock fever of Gibraltar/slinking of calves
Gastric fever/ram epididymitis
Contagious abortion/spontaneous abortion^[6]

Cite error: There are <ref group=Note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=Note}} template (see the help page).

^ Euzéby JP, Parte AC. "Brucella". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved May 15, 2021.
^ Ryan KJ, Ray CG, eds. (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-0-8385-8529-0.
^ Lopez-Goni I (2012). O'Callaghan D (ed.). Brucella: Molecular Microbiology and Genomics. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-93-6.
^ Ferooz J, Letesson JJ (December 2010). "Morphological analysis of the sheathed flagellum of Brucella melitensis". BMC Research Notes. 3: 333. doi:10.1186/1756-0500-3-333. PMC 3017070. PMID 21143933.
^ "Diagnosis Management of Acute Brucellosis in Primary Care" (PDF). Department of Health for Northern Ireland. Brucella Subgroup of the Northern Ireland Regional Zoonoses Group. August 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-10-13.
^ Mariana NX, Tatiane AP, Andréas BH, Renée MT, Renato LS (2010). "Pathogenesis of Brucella spp". The Open Veterinary Science Journal. 4: 109–118. doi:10.2174/1874318801004010109.

[Brucella-2] Euzéby JP, Parte AC. "Brucella". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved May 15, 2021.

[Sherris-3] Ryan KJ, Ray CG, eds. (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-0-8385-8529-0.

[Lopez-GoniICallaghanDO-4] Lopez-Goni I (2012). O'Callaghan D (ed.). Brucella: Molecular Microbiology and Genomics. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-93-6.

[Ferooz_2010-5] Ferooz J, Letesson JJ (December 2010). "Morphological analysis of the sheathed flagellum of Brucella melitensis". BMC Research Notes. 3: 333. doi:10.1186/1756-0500-3-333. PMC 3017070. PMID 21143933.

[6] "Diagnosis Management of Acute Brucellosis in Primary Care" (PDF). Department of Health for Northern Ireland. Brucella Subgroup of the Northern Ireland Regional Zoonoses Group. August 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-10-13.

[7] Mariana NX, Tatiane AP, Andréas BH, Renée MT, Renato LS (2010). "Pathogenesis of Brucella spp". The Open Veterinary Science Journal. 4: 109–118. doi:10.2174/1874318801004010109.

[1]

[Note 1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

Brucella

Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Pseudomonadota
Class:	Alphaproteobacteria
Order:	Hyphomicrobiales
Family:	Brucellaceae
Genus:	Brucella Meyer and Shaw 1920 (Approved Lists 1980)
Species^[1]
Brucella anthropi (Holmes et al. 1988) Hördt et al. 2020 "Brucella cetaceae" Cloeckaert et al. 2001 Brucella ceti Foster et al. 2007 Brucella ciceri (Imran et al. 2010) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella cytisi (Zurdo-Piñeiro et al. 2007) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella daejeonensis (Woo et al. 2011) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella endophytica (Li et al. 2016) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella gallinifaecis (Kämpfer et al. 2003) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella grignonensis (Lebuhn et al. 2000) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella haematophila (Kämpfer et al. 2007) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella inopinata Scholz et al. 2010 Brucella intermedia (Velasco et al. 1998) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella lupini (Trujillo et al. 2006) Hördt et al. 2020 "Brucella maris" Jahans et al. 1997 Brucella melitensis (Hughes 1893) Meyer and Shaw 1920 (Approved Lists 1980)^{[Note 1]} Brucella abortus (Schmidt 1901) Meyer and Shaw 1920 (Approved Lists 1980) Brucella canis Carmichael and Bruner 1968 (Approved Lists 1980) Brucella neotomae Stoenner and Lackman 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) Brucella ovis Buddle 1956 (Approved Lists 1980) Brucella suis Huddleson 1929 (Approved Lists 1980) Brucella microti Scholz et al. 2008 Brucella oryzae (Tripathi et al. 2006) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella papionis Whatmore et al. 2014 Brucella pecoris (Kämpfer et al. 2011) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella pinnipedialis Foster et al. 2007 Brucella pituitosa (Huber et al 2010) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella pseudintermedia (Teyssier et al. 2007) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella pseudogrignonensis (Kämpfer et al. 2007) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella rhizosphaerae (Kämpfer et al. 2008) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella thiophenivorans (Kämpfer et al. 2008) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella tritici (Lebuhn et al. 2000) Hördt et al. 2020 Brucella vulpis Scholz et al. 2016
Synonyms
Ochrobactrum Holmes et al. 1988

Brucella

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