Budd Rail Diesel Car

Budd Rail Diesel Car (RDC)
A Reading Company Budd Rail Diesel Car consist leaving Reading Terminal, September 1964
Interior of the RDC-1 demonstrator in 1949
In service	1949–present
Manufacturer	Budd Company
Constructed	1949–1962
Number built	398
Capacity	RDC-1: 90 passengers RDC-2: 70 passengers, baggage section RDC-3: 48 passengers, RPO, baggage section RDC-4: RPO, baggage section RDC-9: 94 passengers
Specifications
Car body construction	Stainless steel
Car length	RDC-1/2/3/9: 85 ft (25.91 m) RDC-4: 73 ft 10 in (22.50 m)
Width	10 ft 0+3⁄8 in (3.06 m)
Height	14 ft 7 in (4.45 m)
Maximum speed	85 mph (137 km/h)
Weight	109,200–118,300 lb (49,500–53,700 kg)
Prime mover(s)	RDC-1/2/3/4: 2 × GM 110 diesels RDC-9: 1 × GM 110 diesel
Power output	RDC-1/2/3/4: 550 hp (410 kW) RDC-9: 300 hp (220 kW)
Transmission	Hydraulic torque converter
Electric system(s)	N/A
UIC classification	RDC-1/2/3/4: (1A)(A1) RDC-9: (1A)2′
AAR wheel arrangement	RDC-1/2/3/4: 1A-A1 RDC-9: 1A-2
Braking system(s)	New York Air Brake air brakes[1]
Track gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge

The Budd Rail Diesel Car (RDC), also known as the Budd car or Buddliner, is a self-propelled diesel multiple unit (DMU) railcar. Between 1949 and 1962, 398 RDCs were built by the Budd Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The cars were primarily adopted for passenger service in rural areas with low traffic density or in short-haul commuter service, and were less expensive to operate in this context than a traditional diesel locomotive-drawn train with coaches. The cars could be used singly or coupled together in train sets and controlled from the cab of the front unit. The RDC was one of the few DMU trains to achieve commercial success in North America. RDC trains were an early example of self-contained diesel multiple unit trains, an arrangement now in common use by railways all over the world.

Budd RDCs were sold to operators in North America, South America, Asia, and Australia. They saw extensive use in the Northeast United States, both on branch lines and in commuter service. As passenger service declined in the United States the RDC was often the last surviving conveyor of passengers on a particular route. Most RDCs were retired by the 1980s. In Canada, RDCs have remained in continuous use since their introduction in the 1950s. The RDC inspired several derivatives, including the unsuccessful Budd SPV-2000. The New York Central Railroad installed two jet engines on an RDC in 1966 and set a United States speed record of 184 mph (296 km/h), although this experimental configuration was never used in regular service.