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Names | |||
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IUPAC name
Chlorine dioxide
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Other names
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Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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ChEBI | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.135 | ||
EC Number |
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1265 | |||
MeSH | Chlorine+dioxide | ||
PubChem CID
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
UN number | 9191 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
ClO2 | |||
Molar mass | 67.45 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Yellow to reddish gas | ||
Odor | Acrid | ||
Density | 2.757 g dm−3[1] | ||
Melting point | −59 °C (−74 °F; 214 K) | ||
Boiling point | 11 °C (52 °F; 284 K) | ||
8 g/L at 20 °C | |||
Solubility | Soluble in alkaline solutions and sulfuric acid | ||
Vapor pressure | >1 atm[2] | ||
Henry's law
constant (kH) |
4.01×10−2 atm m3 mol−1 | ||
Acidity (pKa) | 3.0(5) | ||
Thermochemistry | |||
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
257.22 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
104.60 kJ/mol | ||
Hazards | |||
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards
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Highly toxic, corrosive, unstable, powerful oxidizer | ||
GHS labelling: | |||
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Danger | |||
H271, H300+H310+H330, H314, H372 | |||
P210, P220, P260, P264, P271, P280, P283, P284, P301+P310, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P306+P360, P371+P380+P375, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose)
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94 mg/kg (oral, rat)[3] | ||
LCLo (lowest published)
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260 ppm (rat, 2 hr)[4] | ||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
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TWA 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3)[2] | ||
REL (Recommended)
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TWA 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3) ST 0.3 ppm (0.9 mg/m3)[2] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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5 ppm[2] | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | Safety Data Sheet Archive. | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2 that exists as yellowish-green gas above 11 °C, a reddish-brown liquid between 11 °C and −59 °C, and as bright orange crystals below −59 °C. It is usually handled as an aqueous solution. It is commonly used as a bleach. More recent developments have extended its applications in food processing and as a disinfectant.