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A civilian is a person who is not a member of an armed force nor a person engaged in hostilities.[1]
It is slightly different from a non-combatant, because some non-combatants are not civilians (for example, people who are not in a military but support war effort or military operations, military chaplains, or military personnel who are serving with a neutral country). Civilians in the territories of a party to an armed conflict are entitled to certain privileges under the customary laws of war and international treaties such as the Fourth Geneva Convention. The privileges that they enjoy under international law depends on whether the conflict is an internal one (a civil war) or an international one.
In some nations, uniformed members (or emergency response force) of law enforcement, the fire service, or other emergency services colloquially refer to members of the public as civilians.[2]
- ^ "civilian". Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
A person who is not professionally employed in the armed forces; a non-military person.
- ^ "CIVILIAN". Cambridge Dictionary.