Claro M. Recto

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Claro M. Recto
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
In office July 3, 1935 – November 1, 1936
Appointed by	Franklin D. Roosevelt
Preceded by	New seat
Succeeded by	Manuel Moran
Senate Majority Leader
In office July 16, 1934 – November 15, 1935
Preceded by	Benigno Aquino Sr.
Succeeded by	Position abolished (Next held by Melecio Arranz)
Senate Minority Leader
In office July 16, 1931 – June 5, 1934
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Vacant[1][2]
Senator of the Philippines
In office April 3, 1952 – October 2, 1960
In office July 9, 1945 – May 25, 1946
In office June 2, 1931 – November 15, 1935 Serving with Manuel L. Quezon
Preceded by	Jose P. Laurel
Succeeded by	Position abolished
Constituency	5th senatorial district
Commissioner of Education, Health and Public Welfare (Philippine Executive Commission)
In office 1942 – October 1943
Governor	Masaharu Homma Shizuichi Tanaka Shigenori Kuroda
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Camilo Osías
Member of the House of Representatives from Batangas' 3rd district
In office June 3, 1919 – June 5, 1928
Preceded by	Benito Reyes Catigbac
Succeeded by	José Dimayuga
President of the 1934 Constitutional Convention
In office July 30, 1934 – February 8, 1936
Personal details
Born	Claro Recto y Mayo (1890-02-08)February 8, 1890 Tiaong, Tayabas, Captaincy General of the Philippines (now Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines)
Died	October 2, 1960(1960-10-02) (aged 70) Rome, Italy
Political party	Nationalist Citizens' Party (1957–1960)
Other political affiliations	KALIBAPI (1942–1945)[3] Nacionalista (1934–1935; 1941–1942; 1949–1957)[4] Democrata (1917–1934)[5]
Spouse(s)	Angeles Silos Aurora Reyes
Relations	Ralph Recto (grandson) Alfonso M. Recto (brother)
Children	7 (including Rafael)
Alma mater	Ateneo de Manila (BA) University of Santo Tomas (LL.M)

Claro Mayo Recto Jr. (February 8, 1890 – October 2, 1960) was a Filipino politician, statesman, lawyer, jurist, author, writer, columnist, and poet. Perhaps best known as the president of the 1934 Constitutional Convention and the Father of the 1935 Philippine Constitution, he is remembered as a fierce opponent of U.S. neocolonialism in Asia and for his staunch nationalist leadership throughout his career.

Serving as a representative of Batangas from 1919 to 1928 and as a senator in the Philippine Legislature from 1931 to 1935, he rose to prominence as the president of the Constitutional Convention that drafted the 1935 Constitution, of which he was the primary author. He was appointed as the Associate Justice to the Supreme Court of the Philippines by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1935, becoming the last Philippine Supreme Court member to be appointed by the United States.

Recto was elected as a senator in 1941 despite being detained on charges of collaboration with the Japanese. During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, he became affiliated with the KALIBAPI party and served in Japanese-installed President Jose P. Laurel's wartime cabinet. He was arrested at the end of the war for treason, but successfully defended himself. He was again reelected in 1949 and 1955, during which he became an outspoken critic of President Ramon Magsaysay's policies, which he perceived to be "pro-American". Before finishing his final term, he mysteriously died of a heart attack on October 2, 1960 in Rome.

He also served as Commissioner of Education, Health and Public Welfare from 1942 to 1943, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs from 1943 to 1944 and Cultural Envoy with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary on cultural mission to Europe and Latin America in 1960. He is the grandfather of representative and former senator Ralph Recto.