Back اعتماد الكوكائين Arabic Kokain#Kokainismus German Cocainomanía Spanish Kokainism Estonian Dipendenza da cocaina Italian 코카인 의존증 Korean କୋକେନ ବ୍ୟବହାର ବିକାର OR Dependência de cocaína Portuguese Влияние кокаина на здоровье Russian Abuzimi i Kokainës Albanian
| Cocaine dependence | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Psychiatry, clinical psychology |
Cocaine dependence is a neurological disorder that is characterized by withdrawal symptoms upon cessation from cocaine use.[1] It also often coincides with cocaine addiction which is a biopsychosocial disorder characterized by persistent use of cocaine and/or crack despite substantial harm and adverse consequences. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., abbreviated DSM-5), classifies problematic cocaine use as a stimulant use disorder.[2] The International Classification of Diseases (11th rev., abbreviated ICD-11), includes "Cocaine dependence" as a classification (diagnosis) under "Disorders due to use of cocaine".[3]
The use of cocaine creates euphoria and high amounts of energy. If taken in large doses, it is possible to cause mood swings, paranoia, insomnia, psychosis, high blood pressure, a fast heart rate, panic attacks, seizures that are extremely difficult to control, cognitive impairments and drastic changes in personality. Cocaine overdose may result in cardiovascular and brain damage, such as: status epilepticus, constricting blood vessels in the brain, causing strokes and constricting arteries in the heart; causing heart attacks.[4]
The symptoms of cocaine withdrawal range from moderate to severe: dysphoria, depression, anxiety, decreased libido, psychological and physical weakness, pain, and compulsive cravings.
- ^ Pomara C, Cassano T, D'Errico S, Bello S, Romano AD, Riezzo I, Serviddio G (2012). "Data available on the extent of cocaine use and dependence: biochemistry, pharmacologic effects and global burden of disease of cocaine abusers". Current Medicinal Chemistry. 19 (33): 5647–57. doi:10.2174/092986712803988811. PMID 22856655.
- ^ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association Publishing. 2013. p. 561. ISBN 978-089042-555-8.
- ^ "6C45 Disorders due to use of cocaine". ICD-11 - Mortality and Morbidity Statistics. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
- ^ Cocaine Use and Its Effects