Crimean Tatar | |
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Crimean | |
qırımtatar tili, къырымтатар тили, قریم تاتار تلی qırım tili, къырым тили, قریم تلی | |
![]() Crimean Tatar in Latin, Cyrillic, and Perso-Arabic scripts. | |
Native to | Ukraine, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Romania, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus |
Region | Eastern Europe |
Ethnicity | Crimean Tatars |
Native speakers | 580,000 (2001–2019)[1] |
Dialects |
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Crimean Tatar alphabet (Latin and Cyrillic; previously Arabic) | |
Official status | |
Official language in | Republic of Crimea[a][2] (Russia) Autonomous Republic of Crimea[a][3] (Ukraine) |
Recognised minority language in | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-2 | crh |
ISO 639-3 | crh |
Glottolog | crim1257 |
ELP | Crimean Tatar |
![]() Crimean Tatar-speaking world | |
![]() Crimean Tatar is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger [6] | |
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Crimean Tatar (qırımtatar tili, къырымтатар тили, قریم تاتار تلی), also called Crimean (qırım tili, къырым тили, قریم تلی),[1] is a Kipchak Turkic language spoken in Crimea and the Crimean Tatar diasporas of Uzbekistan, Turkey, Romania, and Bulgaria, as well as small communities in the United States and Canada. It should not be confused with Tatar, spoken in Tatarstan and adjacent regions in Russia; the two languages are related, but belong to different subgroups of the Kipchak languages, while maintaining a significant degree of mutual intelligibility. Crimean Tatar has been extensively influenced by nearby Oghuz dialects and is also mutually intelligible with them to varying degrees.
A long-term ban on the study of the Crimean Tatar language following the deportation of the Crimean Tatars by the Soviet government has led to the fact that at the moment UNESCO ranked the Crimean Tatar language among the languages under serious threat of extinction (severely endangered).[7][8] However, according to the Institute of Oriental Studies, due to negative situations, the real degree of threat has elevated to critically endangered languages in recent years, which are highly likely to face extinction in the coming generations.[9]
Crimean language is one of the official languages of Autonomous Republic of Crimea[10][11][a] (Ukraine), along with Ukrainian and Russian. It is also one of the state languages of Republic of Crimea (Russian occupation, considered "temporarily occupied territories" by the Ukrainian government), the other ones being Ukrainian and Russian.[12][13][a]
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In the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, along with the official language, the application and development, use and protection of Russian, Crimean Tatar and other ethnic groups' languages shall be secured.
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