Diabetes medication
Dapagliflozin Pronunciation DAP -ə-glif-LOH -zin Trade names Forxiga, Farxiga, others Other names BMS-512148; (1S )-1,5-anhydro-1-C -{4-chloro-3-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]phenyl}-D -glucitol AHFS /Drugs.com Monograph MedlinePlus a614015 License data
Pregnancy category Routes of administration By mouth Drug class Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor ATC code Legal status
Bioavailability 78% (after 10 mg dose) Protein binding ~91% Metabolism UGT1A9 (major), CYP (minor)Metabolites Dapagliflozin 3-O -glucuronide (inactive) Elimination half-life ~12.9 hours Excretion Urine (75%), feces (21%)[ 6]
(2S ,3R ,4R ,5S ,6R )-2-[4-Chloro-3-(4-ethoxybenzyl)phenyl]-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H -pyran-3,4,5-triol
CAS Number PubChem CID IUPHAR/BPS DrugBank ChemSpider UNII KEGG ChEBI ChEMBL CompTox Dashboard (EPA ) ECHA InfoCard 100.167.331 Formula C 21 H 25 Cl O 6 Molar mass 408.88 g·mol−1 3D model (JSmol )
Clc1ccc(cc1Cc2ccc(OCC)cc2)[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O
InChI=1S/C21H25ClO6/c1-2-27-15-6-3-12(4-7-15)9-14-10-13(5-8-16(14)22)21-20(26)19(25)18(24)17(11-23)28-21/h3-8,10,17-21,23-26H,2,9,11H2,1H3/t17-,18-,19+,20-,21+/m1/s1
Key:JVHXJTBJCFBINQ-ADAARDCZSA-N
Dapagliflozin , sold under the brand names Farxiga (US) and Forxiga (EU) among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes .[ 6] [ 7] [ 9] It is also used to treat adults with heart failure and chronic kidney disease .[ 10] [ 11] [ 7] It reversibly inhibits sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) in the renal proximal convoluted tubule to reduce glucose reabsorption and increase urinary glucose excretion.[ 12]
Common side effects include hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar), urinary tract infections, genital infections, and volume depletion (reduced amount of water in the body).[ 13] Diabetic ketoacidosis is a common side effect in people with type 1 diabetes.[ 14] Serious but rare side effects include Fournier gangrene .[ 15]
It was developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb in partnership with AstraZeneca . It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines .[ 16] In 2021, it was the 187th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.[ 17] [ 18] Dapagliflozin is available as a generic medication .
^ "Dapagliflozin (Farxiga) Use During Pregnancy" . Drugs.com . 30 August 2018. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2020 .
^ "Forxiga dapagliflozin (as propanediol monohydrate) 10 mg film-coated tablet blister pack (180147)" . Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) . 27 May 2022. Retrieved 20 April 2024 .
^ "AusPAR: Dapagliflozin" . Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) . 21 June 2022. Retrieved 20 April 2024 .
^ "AusPAR: Dapagliflozin (as propanediol monohydrate)" . Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) . 21 June 2022. Retrieved 20 April 2024 .
^ "Product monograph brand safety updates" . Health Canada . 7 July 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2024 .
^ a b c "Farxiga- dapagliflozin tablet, film coated" . DailyMed . National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 3 February 2020. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020 .
^ a b c Cite error: The named reference Forxiga EPAR
was invoked but never defined (see the help page ).
^ Cite error: The named reference Dapagliflozin Viatris EPAR
was invoked but never defined (see the help page ).
^ "Forxiga (dapagliflozin) 5mg should no longer be used for the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus" . European Medicines Agency (EMA) . 11 November 2021. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2021 .
^ "FDA approves new treatment for a type of heart failure" . U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 5 May 2020. Archived from the original on 6 May 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020 . This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
^ National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (24 February 2021). "Dapagliflozin for treating chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction" . NICE Technology Appraisal Auidance [TA679] . NICE. Archived from the original on 9 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021 .
^ "BNF: Dapagliflozin" . NICE. Retrieved 2 February 2024 .
^ Ptaszynska A, Johnsson KM, Parikh SJ, de Bruin TW, Apanovitch AM, List JF (October 2014). "Safety profile of dapagliflozin for type 2 diabetes: pooled analysis of clinical studies for overall safety and rare events". Drug Safety . 37 (10): 815–829. doi :10.1007/s40264-014-0213-4 . PMID 25096959 . S2CID 24064402 .
^ Dandona P, Mathieu C, Phillip M, Hansen L, Tschöpe D, Thorén F, et al. (DEPICT-1 Investigators) (December 2018). "Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin in Patients With Inadequately Controlled Type 1 Diabetes: The DEPICT-1 52-Week Study" . Diabetes Care . 41 (12): 2552–2559. doi :10.2337/dc18-1087 . PMID 30352894 . S2CID 53027785 .
^ Hu Y, Bai Z, Tang Y, Liu R, Zhao B, Gong J, et al. (2020). "Fournier Gangrene Associated with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors: A Pharmacovigilance Study with Data from the U.S. FDA Adverse Event Reporting System" . Journal of Diabetes Research . 2020 : 3695101. doi :10.1155/2020/3695101 . PMC 7368210 . PMID 32695827 .
^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021) . Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl :10665/345533 . WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
^ "The Top 300 of 2021" . ClinCalc . Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024 .
^ "Dapagliflozin - Drug Usage Statistics" . ClinCalc . Retrieved 14 January 2024 .