David Bruce (microbiologist)

Major-General Sir David Bruce KCB FRS FRCP FRSE
Born	29 May 1855 Melbourne, Australia
Died	27 November 1931(1931-11-27) (aged 76) London, England
Citizenship	British
Education	University of Edinburgh
Known for	trypanosome
Awards	Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh (1899) Royal Medal (1904) Leeuwenhoek Medal (1915) Buchanan Medal (1922) Albert Medal (1923) Manson Medal (1923)
Scientific career
Fields	Microbiology

Major-General Sir David Bruce, KCB, FRS, FRCP, FRSE^[1] (29 May 1855 – 27 November 1931) was a Scottish pathologist and microbiologist who made some of the key contributions in tropical medicine.^[2] In 1887, he discovered a bacterium, now called Brucella, that caused what was known as Malta fever. In 1894, he discovered a protozoan parasite, named Trypanosoma brucei, as the causative pathogen of nagana (animal trypanosomiasis).

Working in the Army Medical Services and the Royal Army Medical Corps, Bruce's major scientific collaborator was his microbiologist wife Mary Elizabeth Bruce (née Steele), with whom he published around thirty technical papers out of his 172 papers.^[3] In 1886, he was chairman of the Malta Fever Commission that investigated the deadly disease, by which he identified a specific bacterium as the cause. Later, with his wife, he investigated an outbreak of animal disease called nagana in Zululand and discovered the protozoan parasite responsible for it. He led the second and third Sleeping Sickness Commission organised by the Royal Society that investigated an epidemic of human sleeping sickness in Uganda, where he established that tsetse fly was the carrier (vector) of these human and animal diseases.

The bacterium, Brucella, and the disease it caused, brucellosis, along with the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei, are named in his honour.