Demographics of Qatar

Demographics of Qatar
Population pyramid of Qatar in 2022
Population	2,937,800 (2022 est.)
Growth rate	1.04% (2022 est.)
Birth rate	9.33 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate	1.42 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy	79.81 years
• male	77.7 years
• female	81.96 years (2022 est.)
Fertility rate	1.9 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate	6.62 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate	2.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years	14.23%
15–64 years	84.61%
65 and over	1.16%
Sex ratio
Total	3.36 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth	1.02 male(s)/female
Under 15	1.02 male(s)/female
65 and over	1.13 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality	Qatari
Language
Official	Arabic

Natives of the Arabian Peninsula, many Qataris (Arabic: قطريون) are descended from a number of migratory Arab tribes that came to Qatar in the 18th century from mainly the neighboring areas of Nejd and Al-Hasa. Some are descended from Omani tribes. Qatar has about 2.6 million inhabitants as of early 2017, the vast majority of whom (about 92%) live in Doha, the capital.^[1] Foreign workers amount to around 88% of the population, the largest of which comprise South Asians, with those from India alone estimated to be around 700,000.^[2] Egyptians and Filipinos are the largest non-South Asian migrant group in Qatar. The treatment of these foreign workers has been heavily criticized with conditions suggested to be modern slavery. However the International Labour Organization published report in November 2022 that contained multiple reforms by Qatar for its migrant workers. The reforms included the establishment of the minimum wage, wage protection regulations, improved access for workers to justice, etc. It included data from last 4 years of progress in workers conditions of Qatar. The report also revealed that the freedom to change jobs was initiated, implementation of Occupational safety and health & labor inspection, and also the required effort from the nation's side.^[3]

Islam is the official religion, and Islamic jurisprudence is the basis of Qatar's legal system. A significant minority religion is Hindu due to the large number of Qatar's migrant workers coming from India.

Arabic is the official language and English is the lingua franca of business. Hindi-Urdu and Malayalam are among the most widely spoken languages by the foreign workers.^[4] Education in Qatar is compulsory and free for all citizens 6–16 years old. The country has an increasingly high literacy rate.