Back أحادي أكسيد ثنائي الكلور Arabic دیکولورین مونوکسید AZB Monòxid de diclor Catalan Oxid chlorný Czech Dichlormonoxid German Μονοξείδιο του διχλωρίου Greek Monóxido de dicloro Spanish دیکلر مونوکسید Persian Dikloorioksidi Finnish Monoxyde de dichlore French
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| Names | |
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| Other names
Oxygen dichloride
Oxygen chloride Dichlorine oxide Chlorine(I) oxide Hypochlorous oxide Hypochlorous anhydride | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.312 |
PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| Cl2O | |
| Molar mass | 86.9054 g/mol |
| Appearance | brownish-yellow gas |
| Melting point | −120.6 °C (−185.1 °F; 152.6 K) |
| Boiling point | 2.0 °C (35.6 °F; 275.1 K) |
| very soluble, hydrolyses 143 g Cl2O per 100 g water | |
| Solubility in other solvents | soluble in CCl4 |
| Structure | |
| 0.78 ± 0.08 D | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
265.9 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
+80.3 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
 
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| Danger | |
| H290, H314, H400, H411 | |
| P234, P260, P264, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P321, P363, P390, P391, P405, P406, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | [1] |
| Related compounds | |
Other cations
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Related compounds
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Oxygen difluoride, nitrous oxide, chlorine dioxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Dichlorine monoxide is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula Cl2O. It was first synthesised in 1834 by Antoine Jérôme Balard,[2] who along with Gay-Lussac also determined its composition. In older literature it is often referred to as chlorine monoxide,[3] which can be a source of confusion as that name now refers to the ClO• radical.
At room temperature it exists as a brownish-yellow gas which is soluble in both water and organic solvents. Chemically, it is a member of the chlorine oxide family of compounds, as well as being the anhydride of hypochlorous acid. It is a strong oxidiser and chlorinating agent.
- ^ "CHLORINE MONOXIDE". CAMEO Chemicals. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
- ^ Balard, A.J. (1834). "Recherches sur la nature des combinaisons décolorantes du chlore" [Investigations into the nature of bleaching compounds of chlorine]. Annales de Chimie et de Physique. 2nd series (in French). 57: 225–304.
- ^ Renard, J. J.; Bolker, H. I. (1 August 1976). "The chemistry of chlorine monoxide (dichlorine monoxide)". Chemical Reviews. 76 (4): 487–508. doi:10.1021/cr60302a004.