Dyirbal language

Dyirbal
Dyirbal
Region	Northeast Queensland
Ethnicity	Dyirbal, Ngajanji, Mamu, Gulngai, Djiru, Girramay
Native speakers	21 (2021 census)
Language family	Pama–Nyungan Eastern Pama–Nyungan Dyirbalic Dyirbal; ; ;
Dialects	Jirrbal; Mamu; Girramay; Gulngay; Djirru; Ngadjan; Walmalbarra;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	dbl
Glottolog	dyir1250
AIATSIS	Y123
ELP	Dyirbal
	Girramay
	Area of historical use
	Dyirbal is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
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Dyirbal /ˈdʒɜːrbəl/^[5] (also Djirubal) is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken in northeast Queensland by the Dyirbal people. In 2016, the Australian Bureau of Statistics reported that there were 8 speakers of the language.^[1] It is a member of the small Dyirbalic branch of the Pama–Nyungan family. It possesses many outstanding features that have made it well known among linguists.

In the years since the Dyirbal grammar by Robert Dixon was published in 1972, Dyirbal has steadily moved closer to extinction as younger community members have failed to learn it.^[6]

^ ^a ^b Australian Bureau of Statistics (2021). "Cultural diversity: Census". Retrieved 13 October 2022.
^ Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge University Press. p. xxxiii.
^ Y123 Dyirbal at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
^ Endangered Languages Project data for Girramay.
^ Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
^ Schmidt, A (1985). Young People's Dyirbal: An Example of Language Death from Australia. Cambridge University Press.

[abs-1] Australian Bureau of Statistics (2021). "Cultural diversity: Census". Retrieved 13 October 2022.

[2] Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge University Press. p. xxxiii.

[AIATSIS-3] Y123 Dyirbal at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies

[ELP2-4] Endangered Languages Project data for Girramay.

[5] Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh

[6] Schmidt, A (1985). Young People's Dyirbal: An Example of Language Death from Australia. Cambridge University Press.

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Dyirbal language

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