Back إيمرية Arabic ايمريه ARZ Eimeria Azerbaijani Eimeria Czech Eimeria German Eimeria Esperanto Eimeria Spanish Eimeria French Eimeria Hungarian Էյմերիաներ Armenian
| Eimeria | |
|---|---|
| |
| Oocysts of various species | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
| Clade: | SAR |
| Clade: | Alveolata |
| Phylum: | Apicomplexa |
| Class: | Conoidasida |
| Order: | Eucoccidiorida |
| Family: | Eimeriidae |
| Genus: | Eimeria Schneider, 1875 |
| Type species | |
| Eimeria falciformis [1] (Eimer, 1870) Schneider, 1875
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| Species | |
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See text | |
Eimeria is a genus of apicomplexan parasites that includes various species capable of causing the disease coccidiosis in animals such as cattle, poultry and smaller ruminants including sheep and goats.[2] Eimeria species are considered to be monoxenous because the life cycle is completed within a single host, and stenoxenous because they tend to be host specific, although a number of exceptions have been identified. Species of this genus infect a wide variety of hosts. Thirty-one species are known to occur in bats (Chiroptera), two in turtles, and 130 named species infect fish. Two species (E. phocae and E. weddelli) infect seals. Five species infect llamas and alpacas: E. alpacae, E. ivitaensis, E. lamae, E. macusaniensis, and E. punonensis. A number of species infect rodents, including E. couesii, E. kinsellai, E. palustris, E. ojastii and E. oryzomysi. Others infect poultry (E. necatrix and E. tenella), rabbits (E. stiedai) and cattle (E. bovis, E. ellipsoidalis, and E. zuernii).[3] For full species list, see below.
The most prevalent species of Eimeria that cause coccidiosis in cattle are E. bovis, E. zuernii, and E. auburnensis. In a young, susceptible calf it is estimated that as few as 50,000 infective oocysts can cause severe disease.[4] Eimeria infections are particularly damaging to the poultry industry and costs the United States more than $1.5 billion in annual losses.[5] The most economically important species among poultry are E. tenella, E. acervulina, and E. maxima.[6] The oocysts of what was later called Eimeria stiedai were first seen by the pioneering Dutch microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) in the bile of a rabbit in 1674. The genus is named after the German zoologist Theodor Eimer (1843–1898).
- ^ Donald W. Duszynski, Steve J. Upton & Lee Couch. "Taxonomic Summary of Genera within the Eimeriidae". University of New Mexico. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2010.
- ^ Chartier, Paraud (2012). "Coccidiosis due to Eimeria in sheep and goats, a review". Small Ruminant Research. 103 (1): 84–92. doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.10.022.
- ^ Fayner R (1980). "Epidemiology of protozoan infections: the coccidia". Veterinary Parasitology. 6 (1–3): 75–103. doi:10.1016/0304-4017(80)90039-4.
- ^ Daugschies A, Najdrowski M (2005). "Eimeriosis in Cattle: Current Understanding". Veterinary Medicine. 52 (10): 417–427. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0450.2005.00894.x. PMID 16364016.
- ^ Yun CH, Lillehoj HS, Lillehoj EP (2002). "Intestinal immune responses to coccidiosis". Developmental & Comparative Immunology. 24 (2–3): 303–324. doi:10.1016/S0145-305X(99)00080-4. PMID 10717295.
- ^ Shirley MW, Ivens A, Gruber A, et al. (2004). "The Eimeria genome projects: a sequence of events". Trends in Parasitology. 20 (5): 199–201. doi:10.1016/j.pt.2004.02.005. PMID 15105014.