Back تنظيم انفعالي ذاتي Arabic Autoregulació emocional Catalan Selbstregulation (Psychologie) German Autorregulación emocional Spanish خودتنظیمی هیجانی Persian Psyykkinen itsesäätely Finnish Régulation émotionnelle French ויסות רגשי HE 感情調節 Japanese Эмоциональная саморегуляция Russian
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The self-regulation of emotion or emotion regulation is the ability to respond to the ongoing demands of experience with the range of emotions in a manner that is socially tolerable and sufficiently flexible to permit spontaneous reactions as well as the ability to delay spontaneous reactions as needed.[1] It can also be defined as extrinsic and intrinsic processes responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and modifying emotional reactions.[2] The self-regulation of emotion belongs to the broader set of emotion regulation processes, which includes both the regulation of one's own feelings and the regulation of other people's feelings.[3][4][5]
Emotion regulation is a complex process that involves initiating, inhibiting, or modulating one's state or behavior in a given situation — for example, the subjective experience (feelings), cognitive responses (thoughts), emotion-related physiological responses (for example heart rate or hormonal activity), and emotion-related behavior (bodily actions or expressions). Functionally, emotion regulation can also refer to processes such as the tendency to focus one's attention to a task and the ability to suppress inappropriate behavior under instruction. Emotion regulation is a highly significant function in human life.[6]
Every day, people are continually exposed to a wide variety of potentially arousing stimuli. Inappropriate, extreme or unchecked emotional reactions to such stimuli could impede functional fit within society; therefore, people must engage in some form of emotion regulation almost all of the time.[7] Generally speaking, emotion dysregulation has been defined as difficulties in controlling the influence of emotional arousal on the organization and quality of thoughts, actions, and interactions.[8] Individuals who are emotionally dysregulated exhibit patterns of responding in which there is a mismatch between their goals, responses, and/or modes of expression, and the demands of the social environment.[9] For example, there is a significant association between emotion dysregulation and symptoms of depression, anxiety, eating pathology, and substance abuse.[10][11] Higher levels of emotion regulation are likely to be related to both high levels of social competence and the expression of socially appropriate emotions.[12][13]
- ^ Cole, Pamela M.; Michel, Margaret K.; Teti, Laureen O'Donnell (1994). "The Development of Emotion Regulation and Dysregulation: A Clinical Perspective". Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development. 59 (2/3): 73–100. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5834.1994.tb01278.x. JSTOR 1166139. PMID 7984169.
- ^ Thompson, Ross A. (1994). "Emotion Regulation: A Theme in Search of Definition". Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development. 59 (2–3): 25–52. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5834.1994.tb01276.x. PMID 7984164.
- ^ Niven, K.; Totterdell, P.; Holman, D. (2009). "A classification of controlled interpersonal affect regulation strategies". Emotion. 9 (4): 498–509. doi:10.1037/a0015962. PMID 19653772. S2CID 565189.
- ^ Burman, J. T.; Green, C. D.; Shanker, S. (2015). "On the Meanings of Self-Regulation: Digital Humanities in Service of Conceptual Clarity" (PDF). Child Development. 86 (5): 1507–1521. doi:10.1111/cdev.12395. PMID 26234744. S2CID 31507777.
- ^ Leventhal, Howard; Leventhal, Elaine A.; Contrada, Richard J. (1998). "Self-regulation, health, and behavior: A perceptual-cognitive approach". Psychology & Health. 13 (4): 717–733. doi:10.1080/08870449808407425.
- ^ Cicchetti, Dante; Ganiban, Jody; Barnett, Douglas (1991), Garber, Judy; Dodge, Kenneth A. (eds.), "Contributions from the study of high-risk populations to understanding the development of emotion regulation", The Development of Emotion Regulation and Dysregulation, Cambridge Studies in Social and Emotional Development, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 15–48, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511663963.003, ISBN 978-0-521-36406-5, retrieved 21 November 2024
- ^ Koole, Sander L. (2009). "The psychology of emotion regulation: An integrative review" (PDF). Cognition & Emotion. 23 (1): 4–41. doi:10.1080/02699930802619031. S2CID 145107160.
- ^ "What Is Emotional Dysregulation?". WebMD. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- ^ Zeman, J.; Cassano, M.; Perry-Parrish, C.; Stegall, S. (2006). "Emotion regulation in children and adolescents". Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. 27 (2): 155–168. doi:10.1097/00004703-200604000-00014. PMID 16682883. S2CID 8662305.
- ^ Aldao, Amelia; Nolen-Hoeksema, Susan; Schweizer, Susanne (2010). "Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review". Clinical Psychology Review. 30 (2): 217–237. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.004. PMID 20015584. S2CID 14248740.
- ^ Aldao, A.; Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2010). "Specificity of cognitive emotion regulation strategies: a transdiagnostic examination". Behaviour Research and Therapy. 48 (10): 974–983. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.06.002. PMID 20591413.
- ^ Fabes, R. A.; Eisenberg, N.; Jones, S.; Smith, M.; Guthrie, I.; Poulin, R.; Shepard, S.; Friedman, J. (1999). "Regulation, emotionality, and pre-schoolers' socially competent peer interactions". Child Development. 70 (2): 432–442. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00031. PMID 10218264.
- ^ Pulkkinen, L. (1982). Self-control and continuity from childhood to late adolescence. In P. B. Bakes & O. Brim Jr. (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 63-105). New York: Academic Press.