Emperor Hui of Jin 晉惠帝 | |||||||||
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Emperor of the Jin Dynasty | |||||||||
1st Reign | 16 May 290 – 3 February 301 | ||||||||
Predecessor | Emperor Wu | ||||||||
Successor | Sima Lun | ||||||||
2nd Reign | 1 June 301 – 8 January 307 | ||||||||
Predecessor | Sima Lun | ||||||||
Successor | Emperor Huai | ||||||||
Crown Prince of the Jin Dynasty | |||||||||
Tenure | c.February 267[1] – 16 May 290 | ||||||||
Taishang Huang (太上皇) | |||||||||
Tenure | 3 February 301 – 1 June 301 | ||||||||
Born | 259 | ||||||||
Died | 8 January 307 | (aged 46–47)||||||||
Consorts | Lady Jia Nanfeng Yang Xianrong of Taishan | ||||||||
Issue | Sima Yu Princess Hedong Princess Linhai Princess Shiping | ||||||||
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Father | Emperor Wu | ||||||||
Mother | Empress Wuyuan |
Emperor Hui of Jin (simplified Chinese: 晋惠帝; traditional Chinese: 晉惠帝; pinyin: Jìn Huì Dì; Wade–Giles: Chin Hui-ti; 259 – January 8, 307[2]), personal name Sima Zhong (司馬衷), courtesy name Zhengdu (正度), was the second emperor of the Jin dynasty (266–420). Emperor Hui was a developmentally disabled ruler, and throughout his reign, there was constant internecine fighting between regents, imperial princes (his uncles and cousins), and his wife Empress Jia Nanfeng for the right to control him (and therefore the imperial administration), causing great suffering for the people and greatly undermining the stability of the Western Jin dynasty, eventually leading to rebellions of the Five Barbarians that led to Jin's loss of northern and central China and the establishment of the competing Sixteen Kingdoms. He was briefly deposed by his granduncle Sima Lun, who usurped the throne himself, in 301, but later that year was restored to the throne and continued to be the emperor until January 307, when he was poisoned, likely by the regent Sima Yue.