&sq=Bangladesh&lang=en&file=File:Ship_LPD-Castilla-(L52).jpg) Castilla in 2009
| |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | Enforcer |
| Builders | |
| Operators | |
| Subclasses | |
| Built | 1996-2006 |
| In commission | 1998-present |
| Completed | 8 |
| Active | 8 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Landing Platform Dock |
The Enforcer is a ship design created by Royal Schelde (now Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding) following the design and building of HNLMS Rotterdam. HNLMS Rotterdam was jointly developed by the Royal Netherlands Navy and the Spanish Navy.[1][2]
Development began in the 1980s, when the Royal Netherlands Navy began investigating ways to provide an amphibious transport capability.[3] In 1994, preliminary design work began.[3] The Spanish government proposed in 1990 to collaborate on the design.[3] A Memorandum of Understanding was signed in June 1992.[3] Development of the base design occurred during 1993, after which the navies turned to local companies for further design work and construction: Royal Schelde in the Netherlands, and Bazán (which became Navantia in 2005) in Spain.[3]
Royal Schelde completed one ship to the Rotterdam class, with HNLMS Rotterdam constructed between 1995 and 1998.[3] Bazan/Navantia completed two ships to the Galicia-class design.
After building Rotterdam, Royal Schelde developed the "Enforcer Family": four variants of the Enforcer design intended for export sale.[3] Increased modularity, less powerful propulsion systems, and increased use of commercial construction standards[clarification needed] allowed the company to offer the export variants at lower prices.[3]
The Enforcer design also served as the basis of a second ship for the Royal Netherlands Navy; HNLMS Johan de Witt, which was laid down in 2003 and commissioned in 2007.[4] The design was used for the British Bay-class landing ships.[5] Four vessels were built for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary by two shipyards between 2002 and 2007, with one sold in 2011 to the Royal Australian Navy.[5]
The Enforcer design was considered a contender for the Indian Navy Multi-Role Support Vessel programme.[6]
- ^ "Sealift: Rotterdam/Galicia (Enforcer) Class LPD". Canadian American Strategic Review. Archived from the original on 26 December 2007. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^ "Sealifter Comparisons — Rotterdam Class LPD". Canadian American Strategic Review. Archived from the original on 25 January 2008. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Netherlands - Rotterdam Class Landing Platform, Dock (LPD)". AMI International. October 2001. Archived from the original on 29 July 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2012.
- ^ Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2007). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems (15th ed.). Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 495. ISBN 9781591149552. OCLC 140283156.
- ^ a b Saunders, Stephen, ed. (2008). Jane's Fighting Ships 2008–2009. Jane's Fighting Ships (111th ed.). Surrey: Jane's Information Group. p. 876. ISBN 978-0-7106-2845-9. OCLC 225431774.
- ^ "Multi-Role Support Ship (MRSS)". Global Security. Retrieved 12 September 2015.