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As a result of the 1940 Moscow Peace Treaty that concluded the Winter War, Finland ceded a portion of Finnish Karelia along with other territories to the Soviet Union. As a result, about 410,000 people,[1] or 12% of Finland's population, were relocated to the remaining parts of Finland.[2]
The treaty did not require Finland to empty the ceded territory, but few were willing to stay, and almost the whole population chose to relocate, taking their belongings with them.[citation needed] Only the buildings and machinery were to be left behind intact as per the Peace Treaty, which for the most part also took place.[citation needed]
During the Continuation War, some 260,000 of the displaced population returned home.[3] In June 1944, Finnish troops partially withdrew from the ceded areas again as a result of the Soviet Fourth strategic offensive. Simultaneously, the population was again evacuated.
The Paris Peace Treaty finally confirmed the loss of Finland's territory. The evacuees were permanently settled in Finland. The government of Finland subsidized the resettlement in two ways:
Since the 1990s, some associations have demanded the return of Finnish Karelia to Finland.