Fernando de Noronha | |
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State district | |
State District of Fernando de Noronha | |
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![]() Location | |
Coordinates: 03°51′18″S 32°25′30″W / 3.85500°S 32.42500°W | |
Country | ![]() |
State | ![]() |
Founded | August 10, 1503 |
Founded by | Amerigo Vespucci |
Named for | Fernão de Loronha |
Government | |
• President of the Federative Republic of Brazil | Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva |
• Governor | Raquel Lyra |
• General Administrator | Thallyta Figueirôa |
Area | |
• Total | 18 km2 (7 sq mi) |
Population (2020[1]) | |
• Total | 3,101 |
• Density | 170/km2 (450/sq mi) |
Demonym | Portuguese: Noronhense |
Time zone | UTC-02:00 (FNT) |
Postal code | 53990-000 to 53999-999 |
Area code | +55 81 |
ISO 3166 code | BR-PE |
Website | www |
Official name | Brazilian Atlantic Islands: Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas Reserves |
Type | Natural |
Criteria | vii, ix, x |
Designated | 2001 (25th session) |
Reference no. | 1000 |
Region | Latin America and the Caribbean |
Fernando de Noronha (Portuguese pronunciation: [feʁˈnɐ̃du dʒi noˈɾoɲɐ]), officially the State District of Fernando de Noronha (Portuguese: Distrito Estadual de Fernando de Noronha) and formerly known as the Territory of Fernando de Noronha (Portuguese: Território de Fernando de Noronha) until 1988, is an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, part of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, and located 354 km (191 nmi; 220 mi) off the Brazilian coast. It consists of 21 islands and islets, extending over an area of 26 km2 (10 sq mi).[2] Only the eponymous main island is inhabited; it has an area of 18.4 km2 (7.1 sq mi) and a population estimated at 3,101 in 2020. While most of the archipelago is relatively low-lying, there are parts reaching more than 100 m (328 ft) in elevation.
The islands are administratively unique in Brazil. They form a "state district" (Portuguese: distrito estadual) that is administered directly by the government of the state of Pernambuco (despite being closer to the state of Rio Grande do Norte).[3] The state district's jurisdiction also includes the very remote Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, located 625 km (337 nmi; 388 mi) northeast of Fernando de Noronha. Seventy percent of the islands' area was established in 1988 as a national marine park.
In 2001, UNESCO designated it as a World Heritage Site because of its importance as a feeding ground for tuna, sharks, turtles, and marine mammals.[4] Its time zone is UTC−02:00 all year round.