French ironclad Hoche

Hoche shortly after entering service, c. 1891
Class overview
Preceded by	Amiral Baudin class
Succeeded by	Marceau class
History
France
Name	Hoche
Namesake	Lazare Hoche
Ordered	3 August 1880
Builder	Lorient
Launched	29 September 1886
Completed	1890
Decommissioned	April 1908
Fate	Sunk as target in 1913
General characteristics
Class and type	Barbette ship
Displacement	10,820 long tons (10,990 t)
Length	102.85 m (337 ft 5 in) lwl
Beam	20.22 m (66 ft 4 in)
Draft	8.31 m (27 ft 3 in)
Installed power	8 × fire-tube boilers 12,000 ihp (8,900 kW)
Propulsion	2 × compound steam engines 2 × screw propellers
Speed	16.5 knots (30.6 km/h; 19.0 mph)
Complement	611
Armament	2 × 340 mm (13 in) Modèle 1881 guns 2 × 274 mm (10.8 in) Modèle 1881 guns 18 × 138 mm (5.4 in) Modèle 1881 guns 5 × 380 mm (15 in) torpedo tubes
Armor	Belt: 254 to 457 mm (10 to 18 in) Deck: 79 mm (3.1 in) Conning tower: 64 mm (2.5 in) Barbettes: 406 mm (16 in)
General characteristics (1898 refit)
Displacement	Full load: 10,580 long tons (10,750 t)
Installed power	16 × Belleville water-tube boilers
Propulsion	2 × triple-expansion steam engines
Armament	2 × 340 mm (13 in) Modèle 1881 guns 2 × 274 mm (10.8 in) Modèle 1881 guns 12 × 138 mm (5.4 in) Modèle 1893 guns 3 × 380 mm (15 in) torpedo tubes

Hoche was an ironclad battleship built as a hybrid barbette–turret ship for the French Navy in the 1880s. Originally designed in response to very large Italian ironclads along the lines of the French Amiral Baudin class, by the time work on Hoche began, changes in French design philosophy led to a radical re-design that provided the basis for a generation of French capital ships. Her armament was reduced in size compared to the Amiral Baudins, and was placed in the lozenge arrangement that would be used for most French capital ships into the 1890s. Hoche suffered from serious stability problems that resulted from her large superstructure and low freeboard, which required extensive work later in her career to correct. The ship incorporated new technologies for the French Navy, including gun turrets for some of her main battery guns and compound armor plate.

Hoche initially served with the Northern Squadron after entering service in 1890, but was sent to the Mediterranean Squadron the following year. She remained there for the next four years, during which time she accidentally rammed and sank a merchant vessel outside Marseilles. In 1895, she was moved back to the Northern Squadron, and that year she visited Germany for the opening of the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal. The ship remained in the unit until 1898, when she was decommissioned to be thoroughly reconstructed. Work was completed in 1901, and she served briefly with the Northern Squadron that year before being transferred to the Reserve Division of the Mediterranean Squadron in 1902. She spent the next several years in a state with reduced crews, being activated to take part in training exercises with the rest of the fleet. She remained assigned to the Reserve Division through 1908, but saw no further service; she was ultimately sunk as a target ship in 1913.