Fujian

Fujian 福建 Fukien, Hokkien
Province
Province of Fujian
Name transcription(s)
• Chinese	福建省 (Fújiàn Shěng)
• Abbreviation	FJ / 闽 (pinyin: Mǐn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bân)
• Foochow	Hók-gióng
• Hokkien POJ	Hok-kiàn
(clockwise from top) Fujian Tianhou temple Xiamen, skyline Three Lanes and Seven Alleys South Putuo Temple Fujian tulou
Map showing the location of Fujian province
Coordinates: 25°54′N 118°18′E / 25.9°N 118.3°E / 25.9; 118.3
Country	People's Republic of China  Republic of China (Kinmen, Matsu and Wuqiu)[note 1]
Jiangnandong Circuit	626
Fujian Circuit	985
Fujian People's Government	1933–1934
Named for	福 Fú: Fuzhou 建 Jiàn: Jianzhou
Capital	Fuzhou
Largest city	Quanzhou
Divisions  - Prefecture-level  - County-level  - Township- level	9 prefectures 84 counties[note 2] 1102 towns and subdistricts[note 2]
Government
• Type	Province
• Body	Fujian Provincial People's Congress
• Party Secretary	Zhou Zuyi
• Congress Chairman	Zhou Zuyi
• Governor	Zhao Long
• Provincial CPPCC Chairman	Teng Jiacai
• National People's Congress Representation	74 deputies
Area [1][note 3]
• Total	121,400 km2 (46,900 sq mi)
• Rank	23rd
Highest elevation (Mt. Huanggang)	2,158 m (7,080 ft)
Population  (2020)[2]
• Total	41,540,086
• Rank	15th
• Density	340/km2 (890/sq mi)
• Rank	14th
Demographics
• Ethnic composition	Han – 98% She – 1% Hui – 0.3%
• Languages and dialects	Min (inc. Fuzhounese, Eastern Min, Northern Min, Central Min, Pu-Xian Min, Hokkien and others), Mandarin, She, Hakka
GDP (2023)[3]
• Total	CN¥ 5,436 billion (8th) US$ 771 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 129,865 (4th) US$ 18,429
ISO 3166 code	CN-FJ
HDI (2022)	0.804[4] (7th) – very high
Website	www.fujian.gov.cn (in Chinese)

Fujian
"Fujian" in Chinese characters
Chinese	福建
Postal	Fukien
Literal meaning	"Fu(zhou) and Jian(zhou)"
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Fújiàn Bopomofo ㄈㄨˊ   ㄐㄧㄢˋ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Fwujiann Wade–Giles Fu2-chien4 Tongyong Pinyin Fújiàn Yale Romanization Fújyàn MPS2 Fújiàn IPA [fǔ.tɕjɛ̂n] ⓘ Wu Romanization Foh-ji Hakka Romanization Fuk-kian Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Fūk-gin Jyutping Fuk1-gin3 IPA [fʊk̚˥.kin˧] Southern Min Hokkien POJ Hok-kiàn Tâi-lô Hok-kiàn Bbánlám Pìngyīm Hōkgiàn Eastern Min Fuzhou BUC Hók-gióng Pu-Xian Min Hinghwa BUC Ho̤h-ge̤̍ng Northern Min Jian'ou Romanized Hŭ-gṳ̿ing
Abbreviation
Simplified Chinese	闽
Traditional Chinese	閩
Literal meaning	[the Min River]
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Mǐn Bopomofo ㄇㄧㄣˇ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Miin Wade–Giles Min3 Tongyong Pinyin Mǐn IPA [mìn] Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Máhn Jyutping Man5 IPA [mɐn˩˧] Southern Min Tâi-lô Bân Eastern Min Fuzhou BUC Mìng Pu-Xian Min Hinghwa BUC Máng Northern Min Jian'ou Romanized Mâing

Fujian^[a] is a province located in South China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its capital is Fuzhou and its largest prefecture city by population is Quanzhou, with other notable cities including the port city of Xiamen and Zhangzhou. Fujian is located on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait as the closest province geographically and culturally to Taiwan. Certain islands such as Kinmen are only approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Xiamen in Fujian.

While the population predominantly identifies as Han, it is one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse provinces in China. The dialects of the language group Min Chinese are most commonly spoken within the province, including the Fuzhou dialect and Eastern Min of Northeastern Fujian province and various Southern Min and Hokkien dialects of southeastern Fujian. The capital city of Fuzhou and Fu'an of Ningde prefecture along with Cangnan county-level city of Wenzhou prefecture in Zhejiang province make up the Min Dong linguistic and cultural region of Northeastern Fujian. Hakka Chinese is also spoken, by the Hakka people in Fujian. Min dialects, Hakka and Standard Chinese are mutually unintelligible. Due to emigration, a sizable amount of the ethnic Chinese populations of Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines speak Southern Min (or Hokkien).

With a population of 41.5 million, Fujian ranks 15th in population among Chinese provinces. In 2022, Fujian's GDP reached CN¥5.31 trillion (US$790 billion by nominal GDP), ranking 4th in East China region and 8th nationwide in GDP.^[6] Fujian's GDP per capita is above the national average, at CN¥126,829 (US$18,856 in nominal), the second highest GDP per capita of all Chinese provinces after Jiangsu.^[6] It has benefited from its geographical proximity with Taiwan. As a result of the Chinese Civil War, a small portion of Historical Fujian is now within the Republic of China (ROC, Taiwan). The Fujian province of the ROC consists of three offshore archipelagos, namely the Kinmen Islands, the Matsu Islands, and the Wuqiu Islands.

Fujian is considered one of China's leading provinces in education and research. As of 2023, two major cities in the province ranked in the top 45 cities in the world (Xiamen 38th and Fuzhou 45th) by scientific research output, as tracked by the Nature Index.^[7]

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