British-Canadian computer scientist and psychologist (born 1947)
Geoffrey Everest Hinton CC FRS FRSC [ 12] (born 6 December 1947) is a British-Canadian computer scientist and cognitive psychologist , most noted for his work on artificial neural networks . From 2013 to 2023, he divided his time working for Google (Google Brain ) and the University of Toronto , before publicly announcing his departure from Google in May 2023, citing concerns about the risks of artificial intelligence (AI) technology.[ 13] In 2017, he co-founded and became the chief scientific advisor of the Vector Institute in Toronto.[ 14] [ 15]
With David Rumelhart and Ronald J. Williams , Hinton was co-author of a highly cited paper published in 1986 that popularized the backpropagation algorithm for training multi-layer neural networks,[ 16] although they were not the first to propose the approach.[ 17] Hinton is viewed as a leading figure in the deep learning community.[ 18] [ 19] [ 20] [ 21] [ 22] The image-recognition milestone of the AlexNet designed in collaboration with his students Alex Krizhevsky [ 23] and Ilya Sutskever for the ImageNet challenge 2012[ 24] was a breakthrough in the field of computer vision.[ 25]
Hinton received the 2018 Turing Award , often referred to as the "Nobel Prize of Computing ", together with Yoshua Bengio and Yann LeCun , for their work on deep learning.[ 26] They are sometimes referred to as the "Godfathers of Deep Learning",[ 27] [ 28] and have continued to give public talks together.[ 29] [ 30]
In May 2023, Hinton announced his resignation from Google to be able to "freely speak out about the risks of A.I."[ 31] He has voiced concerns about deliberate misuse by malicious actors , technological unemployment , and existential risk from artificial general intelligence .[ 32] He noted that establishing safety guidelines will require cooperation among those competing in use of AI in order to avoid the worst outcomes.[ 33]
^ Cite error: The named reference googlescholar
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^ Geoffrey Hinton at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
^ "Geoffrey E. Hinton's Academic Genealogy" . Archived from the original on 23 March 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2013 .
^ Gregory, R. L.; Murrell, J. N. (2006). "Hugh Christopher Longuet-Higgins. 11 April 1923 -- 27 March 2004: Elected FRS 1958" . Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society . 52 : 149–166. doi :10.1098/rsbm.2006.0012 .
^ Zemel, Richard Stanley (1994). A minimum description length framework for unsupervised learning (PhD thesis). University of Toronto. OCLC 222081343 . ProQuest 304161918 .
^ Frey, Brendan John (1998). Bayesian networks for pattern classification, data compression, and channel coding (PhD thesis). University of Toronto. OCLC 46557340 . ProQuest 304396112 .
^ Neal, Radford (1995). Bayesian learning for neural networks (PhD thesis). University of Toronto. OCLC 46499792 . ProQuest 304260778 .
^ Whye Teh, Yee (2003). Bethe free energy and contrastive divergence approximations for undirected graphical models . utoronto.ca (PhD thesis). University of Toronto. hdl :1807/122253 . OCLC 56683361 . ProQuest 305242430 . Archived from the original on 30 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023 .
^ Salakhutdinov, Ruslan (2009). Learning deep generative models (PhD thesis). University of Toronto. ISBN 978-0-494-61080-0 . OCLC 785764071 . ProQuest 577365583 .
^ Sutskever, Ilya (2013). Training Recurrent Neural Networks . utoronto.ca (PhD thesis). University of Toronto. hdl :1807/36012 . OCLC 889910425 . ProQuest 1501655550 . Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023 .
^ Anon (2015) "Hinton, Prof. Geoffrey Everest" . Who's Who (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) doi :10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.20261
^ Anon (1998). "Professor Geoffrey Hinton FRS" . Royal Society . London. Archived from the original on 3 November 2015. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: "All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ." --"Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies" . Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 9 March 2016 .
^ Douglas Heaven, Will (1 May 2023). "Deep learning pioneer Geoffrey Hinton quits Google" . MIT Technology Review . Archived from the original on 1 May 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2023 .
^ Hernandez, Daniela (7 May 2013). "The Man Behind the Google Brain: Andrew Ng and the Quest for the New AI" . Wired . Archived from the original on 8 February 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2013 .
^ "Geoffrey E. Hinton – Google AI" . Google AI . Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2018 .
^ Cite error: The named reference backprop
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^ Mannes, John (14 September 2017). "Geoffrey Hinton was briefly a Google intern in 2012 because of bureaucracy – TechCrunch" . TechCrunch . Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2018 .
^ Somers, James (29 September 2017). "Progress in AI seems like it's accelerating, but here's why it could be plateauing" . MIT Technology Review . Archived from the original on 20 May 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018 .
^ Sorensen, Chris (2 November 2017). "How U of T's 'godfather' of deep learning is reimagining AI" . University of Toronto News . Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2018 .
^ Sorensen, Chris (3 November 2017). " 'Godfather' of deep learning is reimagining AI" . Phys.org . Archived from the original on 13 April 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2018 .
^ Lee, Adrian (18 March 2016). "Geoffrey Hinton, the 'godfather' of deep learning, on AlphaGo" . Maclean's . Archived from the original on 6 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2018 .
^ Gershgorn, Dave (18 June 2018). "The inside story of how AI got good enough to dominate Silicon Valley" . Quartz . Archived from the original on 12 December 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2018 .
^ Krizhevsky, Alex; Sutskever, Ilya ; Hinton, Geoffrey E. (3 December 2012). "ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks" . In F. Pereira; C. J. C. Burges; L. Bottou; K. Q. Weinberger (eds.). NIPS'12: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems . Vol. 1. Curran Associates. pp. 1097–1105. Archived from the original on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 13 March 2018 .
^ Allen, Kate (17 April 2015). "How a Toronto professor's research revolutionized artificial intelligence" . Toronto Star . Archived from the original on 17 April 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2018 .
^ Chung, Emily (27 March 2019). "Canadian researchers who taught AI to learn like humans win $1M award" . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation . Archived from the original on 26 February 2020. Retrieved 27 March 2019 .
^ Ranosa, Ted (29 March 2019). "Godfathers Of AI Win This Year's Turing Award And $1 Million" . Tech Times . Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2020 .
^ Shead, Sam (27 March 2019). "The 3 'Godfathers' Of AI Have Won The Prestigious $1M Turing Prize" . Forbes . Archived from the original on 14 April 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2020 .
^ Ray, Tiernan (9 March 2021). "Nvidia's GTC will feature deep learning cabal of LeCun, Hinton, and Bengio" . ZDNet . Archived from the original on 19 March 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2021 .
^ "50 Years at CMU: The Inaugural Raj Reddy Artificial Intelligence Lecture" . Carnegie Mellon University . 18 November 2020. Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022 .
^ Cite error: The named reference :2
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^ " "Godfather of artificial intelligence" talks impact and potential of new AI" . CBS News . 25 March 2023. Archived from the original on 28 March 2023. Retrieved 28 March 2023 .
^ Erlichman, Jon, '50-50 chance' that AI outsmarts humanity, Geoffrey Hinton says , BNN Bloomberg, June 14, 2024