GloVe

GloVe, coined from Global Vectors, is a model for distributed word representation. The model is an unsupervised learning algorithm for obtaining vector representations for words. This is achieved by mapping words into a meaningful space where the distance between words is related to semantic similarity.^[1] Training is performed on aggregated global word-word co-occurrence statistics from a corpus, and the resulting representations showcase interesting linear substructures of the word vector space. As log-bilinear regression model for unsupervised learning of word representations, it combines the features of two model families, namely the global matrix factorization and local context window methods.

It is developed as an open-source project at Stanford^[2] and was launched in 2014. It was designed as a competitor to word2vec, and the original paper noted multiple improvements of GloVe over word2vec. As of 2022^[update], both approaches are outdated, and Transformer-based models, such as ELMo and BERT, which add multiple neural-network attention layers on top of a word embedding model similar to Word2vec, have come to be regarded as the state of the art in NLP.^[3]