graft macromolecule: A macromolecule with one or more species of block connected
to the main chain as side-chains, these side-chains having constitutional or configurational
features that differ from those in the main chain.
comb macromolecule: A macromolecule comprising a main chain with multiple
trifunctional branch points from each of which a linear side-chain emanates.Notes
1. If the subchains between the branch points of the main chain and the terminal
subchains of the main chain are identical with respect to constitution and degree
of polymerization, and the side chains are identical with respect to constitution
and degree of polymerization, the macromolecule is termed a ’’regular
comb macromolecule’’. 2. If at least some of the branch points are of functionality greater than three, the
macromolecule may be termed a ‘’brush macromolecule’’.
In polymer chemistry, graft polymers are segmented copolymers with a linear backbone of one composite and randomly distributed branches of another composite. The picture labeled "graft polymer" shows how grafted chains of species B are covalently bonded to polymer species A. Although the side chains are structurally distinct from the main chain, the individual grafted chains may be homopolymers or copolymers. Graft polymers have been synthesized for many decades and are especially used as impact resistant materials, thermoplastic elastomers, compatibilizers, or emulsifiers for the preparation of stable blends or alloys. One of the better-known examples of a graft polymer is a component used in high impact polystyrene, consisting of a polystyrene backbone with polybutadiene grafted chains.
