History of antisemitism

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Antisemitism
Part of Jewish history and discrimination
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Definitions IHRA definition Jerusalem Declaration Nexus Document Three Ds
Geography Africa & Asia Algeria 1898 riot 1934 riot China Japan Libya 1945 riot 1948 riot 1967 pogrom Pakistan Palestine Saudi Arabia textbook controversy South Africa Syria 1947 riot Tunisia 1941 riot 2023 attack Turkey 1934 pogrom Americas Argentina AMIA bombing Canada 1933 riot 1934 strike Chile Costa Rica USA History 1950s bombings 1977 hostage crisis 1991 riot 1994 attack 2006 attack 2009 attack 2014 attacks 2018 attack 2019 attack (NJ) 2019 attack (CA) 2022 hostage crisis Venezuela 2009 attack Europe Austria Belarus Belgium France Strasbourg massacre Dreyfus affair Paris bombing Île-de-France attack Hypercacher siege 21st-century Germany Greece Hungary Italy Norway Poland Jedwabne Kielce (1918) (1946) Kraków Holocaust 1944–1946 events Judeopolonia Portugal Lisbon massacre Inquisition Expulsion Romania Russia Imperial Soviet Stalinist Doctors' plot Spain 1066 massacre 1391 massacre Inquisition Sweden Ukraine United Kingdom Conservative Party Labour Party Oceania Australia New Zealand
Manifestations Academic Alt-right Arab Christian Christian Identity Creativity Economic during Gaza War ('08-09) during Israel-Hamas war ('23-24) Holocaust denial Islamic Jewish Self-directed Medieval Nation of Islam Nazism Neo-Nazi Strasserism New antisemitism Olympic Racial Religious Secondary COVID-19 Zionist Socialist
Antisemitic tropes Andinia Plan Blood libel Cohen Plan Cultural Bolshevism Cultural Marxism Deicide Finance control Franklin Prophecy Host desecration International conspiracy War conspiracy Jewish lobby Judensau Judeo-Bolshevism Żydokomuna Judeo-Masonism Kosher tax Media control QAnon Rootless cosmopolitan Slánský trial Stab-in-the-back myth Well poisoning White genocide ZOG conspiracy
Persecution Rhineland massacres Black Death persecutions Boycotts Expulsions Jewish quarter Ghettos in Europe Mellah The Holocaust Jewish hat Jewish quota Judensau Martyrdom in Judaism Nuremberg Laws Pale of Settlement Pogroms Russian Empire Russian Civil War Refuseniks Segregation Yellow badge
Antisemitic publications 21 Paths to the Kingdom of Darkness Adversus Judaeos The Barnes Review Black Notebooks Culture of Critique Currency Wars The Dearborn Independent Judaism Without Embellishment La France juive Hitlers Zweites Buch Hunter Hamas Charter ('88) The International Jew La Libre Parole The Light Mein Kampf On the Jews and Their Lies Our Race Will Rule Protocols of the Elders of Zion The Secret Relationship Sex and Character Siege The Turner Diaries
Antisemitism on the Internet 4chan (/pol/) 8chan The Daily Stormer Disclose.tv Gab Goebbels Gap GoyimTV Groypers Jew Watch Metapedia The Occidental Observer Red Ice Renegade Tribune The Right Stuff (blog) StoneToss Stormfront Terrorgram Triple parentheses TruNews The Unz Review Veterans Today Wikipedia and antisemitism
People Baked Alaska Andrew Anglin Louis Beam Don Black James von Brunn Richard Girnt Butler Édouard Drumont David Duke Adolf Eichmann Louis Farrakhan Henry Ford Theodor Fritsch Nick Fuentes Joseph Goebbels Heinrich Himmler Adolf Hitler Arthur Jones Osama bin Laden David Lane Ernest G. Liebold Martin Luther Kevin MacDonald Wilhelm Marr Eustace Mullins William Pierce Alfred Rosenberg Richard Spencer Joseph Stalin Wilhelm Stapel Julius Streicher Kevin Strom Rick Wiles Ernst Zündel Corneliu Codreanu Ion Antonescu Horia Sima A. C. Cuza Octavian Goga Gheorghe Buzatu Nae Ionescu Nichifor Crainic Ioan Slavici László Ferenczy Philippe Pétain Symon Petliura Stepan Bandera Gamal Abdel Nasser Richard Wagner Otto Weininger
Opposition Anti-antisemitism in Germany Anti-Defamation League Anti-Defamation Commission Campaign Against Antisemitism Community Security Trust Fundamental Rights Agency Simon Wiesenthal Center SPLC Stephen Roth Institute Swedish Committee Union of Councils for Soviet Jews UN Watch U.S. National Strategy Wiener Holocaust Library Yad Vashem
Related topics Anti-Judaism Philosemitism Weaponization Anti-Zionism
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The history of antisemitism, defined as hostile actions or discrimination against Jews as a religious or ethnic group, goes back many centuries, being called "the longest hatred".^[1] Jerome Chanes identifies six stages in the historical development of antisemitism:^[2]

1. Pre-Christian anti-Judaism in Ancient Greece and Rome that was primarily ethnic in nature
2. Christian antisemitism in antiquity and the Middle Ages that was religious in nature and has extended into modern times
3. Muslim antisemitism that was—at least in its classical form—nuanced, in that Jews were a protected class
4. Political, social, and economic antisemitism during the Enlightenment and post-Enlightenment Europe that laid the groundwork for racial antisemitism
5. Racial antisemitism that arose in the 19th century and culminated in Nazism
6. Contemporary antisemitism, which has been labeled by some as the new antisemitism

Chanes suggests that these six stages could be merged into three categories: "ancient antisemitism, which was primarily ethnic in nature; Christian antisemitism, which was religious; and the racial antisemitism of the 19th and 20th centuries".^[2] In practice, it is difficult to differentiate antisemitism from the general ill-treatment of nations by other nations before the Roman period, but since the adoption of Christianity in Europe, antisemitism has undoubtedly been present. The Islamic world has also historically seen the Jews as outsiders. The coming of the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions in 19th-century Europe bred a new manifestation of antisemitism, based as much upon race as upon religion, which culminated in the Holocaust that occurred during World War II. The formation of the state of Israel in 1948 caused new antisemitic tensions in the Middle East.