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Homosexuality and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

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All homosexual sexual activity is condemned as sinful by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in its law of chastity, and the church teaches that God does not approve of same-sex marriage.[1][2] Adherents who participate in same-sex sexual behavior may face church discipline. Members of the church who experience homosexual attractions, including those who self-identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual remain in good standing in the church if they abstain from same-sex marriage and any homosexual sexual activity or sexual relationships outside an opposite-sex marriage.[3]: 116 [4][5] However, all people, including those in same-sex relationships and marriages, are permitted to attend the weekly Sunday meetings.[6]

In order to receive church ordinances such as baptism,[7] and to enter church temples, adherents are required to practice sexual abstinence outside a legal marriage between one man and one woman.[8][9] Additionally, in the church's plan of salvation noncelibate gay and lesbian individuals will not be allowed in the top tier of heaven to receive exaltation unless they repent during mortality, and a heterosexual marriage is a requirement for exaltation.[10][11] The church's policies and treatment of LGBT people has long been a source of controversy both within and outside the church.[12][13][14] They have also been a significant cause of disagreement and disaffection by members.[15][16][17]

The LDS Church has campaigned against government recognition of same-sex marriage, and the topic of same-sex marriage has been one of the church's foremost public concerns since 1993.[3]: 1  It has also supported legislation protecting members of the LGBT community against discrimination in employment, that also exempt religious institutions from honoring these protections.[18] Penalties from church leaders are stiffer for same-sex sexual sins than for heterosexual ones in matters of general church discipline, missionary requirements, and code of conduct enforcement at church-run universities.[19]

The church's statements and actions throughout its history have overwhelmingly focused on male homosexuality, and only rarely on female homosexuality (lesbianism) or bisexuality.[3]: 20  Church leaders previously taught that homosexuality was a curable condition.[20][21] They counseled members that they could and should change their attractions,[22]: 3–4  and provided therapy and programs with that goal.[23]: 13–19 [24]: 377–379  From 1976 until 1989 the church handbook of policies called for church discipline for members attracted to the same sex, punishing merely being homosexual with sanctions similar to those for acts of adultery and child molestation.[3]: 16, 43  Even celibate gay people were subject to excommunication.[24]: 382, 422 [25]: 139  Church publications now state that "individuals do not choose to have such attractions", its church-run therapy services no longer provides sexual orientation change efforts, and the church has no official stance on the causes of homosexuality.[26][27][4] These current teachings and policies leave homosexual members with the option of potentially harmful attempts to change their sexual orientation,[28][29] entering a mixed-orientation opposite-sex marriage,[3]: 27 [30]: 108  or living a celibate lifestyle without any sexual expression.[31]: 11 [32]: 20–21 

An LGBT pride flag in front of the Salt Lake City, Utah temple.
  1. ^ "Same-Sex Marriage". LDS Church. July 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
  2. ^ "What is the Church's position on homosexuality? Is it OK to be friends with people who have homosexual feelings?". Ensign. Salt Lake City, Utah: LDS Church. July 2012. Retrieved February 28, 2023. The church opposes homosexual behavior ... Homosexual behavior is contrary to [our] purpose and violates God's commandments. ... Neither the Lord nor His church can condone any behavior that violates His laws. Again, we condemn the immoral behavior, not the person.
  3. ^ a b c d e Prince, Gregory A. (2019). Gay Rights and the Mormon Church: Intended Actions, Unintended Consequences. Salt Lake City, Utah: University of Utah Press. ISBN 9781607816638.
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Interview was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Hinckley, Gordon B. (November 1998). "What Are People Asking about Us?". Ensign. LDS Church. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
  6. ^ "Worship with Us: What to Expect". mormon.org. LDS Church. Archived from the original on February 15, 2019. Retrieved July 2, 2014 – via Internet Archive.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Regulation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Simmons, Brian (December 2017). Coming out Mormon: An examination of religious orientation, spiritual trauma, and PTSD among Mormon and ex-Mormon LGBTQQA adults (PDF). University of Georgia Theses and Dissertations (PhD). Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia. p. 65. [A] current temple recommend [allows one] to participate in temple ordinances. In order to hold a current temple recommend, a person must attest to their ecclesiastical leaders that they maintain faith in the LDS Church, and live according to the standards (including no sexual activity outside of heterosexual marriage and abstaining from coffee, tea, alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs).
  9. ^ "Temples". churchofjesuschrist.org. LDS Church. June 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
  10. ^ Beaver, Michelle (March 11, 2011). "Mormon church has a fractured history with gays". The Mercury News. San Jose, California: Digital First Media. Retrieved January 16, 2023. There are three levels to the heaven in which Mormons believe, and to make it to the highest level, one must be married. Perhaps the most sacred church ordinance is the temple marriage, a "sealing" between a man and a woman that is believed to be eternal, according to Richley Crapo, a Utah State University professor. There is no place for homosexuality in Mormon marriages, and no place for noncelibate homosexuals in the top level of Mormon heaven, unless that person has repented accordingly in the afterlife.
  11. ^ Petrey, Taylor G. (February 4, 2015). "My Husband's Not Gay: Homosexuality and the LDS Church". Religion & Politics. St. Louis, Missouri: Washington University in St. Louis. John C. Danforth Center on Religion and Politics. Retrieved February 27, 2023. In the Mormon cosmos, as presently understood, there is simply no room for same-sex relationships. For Mormons, the afterlife consists of heterosexual pairs of divinized men and women. Often church leaders have counseled Mormons who experience same-sex attraction that their unwelcome feelings will disappear in the afterlife. ... [T]he very structure of heaven can only accommodate opposite-sex marriages.
  12. ^ Browning, Bill (December 21, 2021). "Utah billionaire leaves Mormon church with blistering accusation it is actively harming the world". LGBTQ Nation. San Francisco, California. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
  13. ^ Winters, Rosemary (February 23, 2023). "Mormon apostle's words about gays spark protest". The Salt Lake Tribune. Salt Lake City, Utah. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  14. ^ Bailey, Sarah Pulliam (November 11, 2016). "Mormon Church to exclude children of same-sex couples from getting blessed and baptized until they are 18". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 17, 2023. Retrieved February 27, 2023 – via Internet Archive.
  15. ^ Murphy, Caryle (December 18, 2015). "Most U.S. Christian groups grow more accepting of homosexuality". pewresearch.org. Pew Research Center. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
  16. ^ Levin, Sam (August 15, 2016). "'I'm not a Mormon': fresh 'mass resignation' over anti-LGBT beliefs". The Guardian. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
  17. ^ Hatch, Heidi (April 13, 2016). "Millennial Mormons leaving faith at higher rate than previous generations". Salt Lake City, Utah: CBS. KUTV. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
  18. ^ Goodstein, Laurie (March 12, 2015). "Utah Passes Antidiscrimination Bill Backed by Mormon Leaders". The New York Times. New York City. Archived from the original on February 25, 2023. Retrieved February 27, 2023 – via Internet Archive.
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference Scarlet was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ Cite error: The named reference Curable was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference Counselling was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ Cite error: The named reference lds92 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  23. ^ Cite error: The named reference Paradigm was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  24. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Dynamics was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  25. ^ Cite error: The named reference Decisions was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  26. ^ "Love One Another: A Discussion on Same-Sex Attraction". mormonsandgays.org. LDS Church. December 6, 2012. Archived from the original on December 6, 2012.
  27. ^ Cite error: The named reference Weeds was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  28. ^ Fish, Jessica N.; Russell, Stephen T. (August 2020). "Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Change Efforts are Unethical and Harmful". American Journal of Public Health. 110 (8): 1113–1114. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305765. PMC 7349462. PMID 32639919. With substantial evidence of serious harms associated with exposure to [sexual orientation and gender identity change efforts (SOGICE)] particularly for minors, 21 states (and multiple cities and counties) have passed bipartisan laws or regulations prohibiting SOGICE. ... Furthermore, compared with LGBTQ youths with no exposure, those exposed to SOGICE showed 1.76 times greater odds of seriously considering suicide, 2.23 times greater odds of having attempted suicide, and 2.54 times greater odds of multiple suicide attempts in the previous year.
  29. ^ Cite error: The named reference SOCE2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  30. ^ Cite error: The named reference SOCE was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  31. ^ Phillips, Rick (2005). Conservative Christian Identity & Same-Sex Orientation: The Case of Gay Mormons. Frankfurt, Germany: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 978-0820474809. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved February 27, 2023 – via Academia.edu.
  32. ^ Cook, Bryce (Summer 2017). "What Do We Know of God's Will for His LGBT Children? An Examination of the LDS Church's Current Position on Homosexuality". Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought. 50 (2). doi:10.5406/dialjmormthou.50.2.0001. S2CID 190443414. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
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