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Iodoform

For use of the term "iodoform" in cryptography, see Group key.

Iodoform
Stereo, skeletal formula of iodoform with the explicit hydrogen added
Ball and stick model of iodoform
Ball and stick model of iodoform
Freshly made iodoform from an iodine tincture.
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Triiodomethane
Other names
  • Iodoform[1]
  • Carbon hydride triiodide
  • Carbon triiodide[2]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1697010
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.795 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-874-5
KEGG
MeSH iodoform
RTECS number
  • PB7000000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/CHI3/c2-1(3)4/h1H checkY
    Key: OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • IC(I)I
Properties
CHI3
Molar mass 393.732 g·mol−1
Appearance Pale, light yellow, opaque crystals
Odor Saffron-like[3]
Density 4.008 g/cm3[3]
Melting point 119 °C (246 °F; 392 K)[3]
Boiling point 218 °C (424 °F; 491 K)[3]
100 mg/L[3]
Solubility in diethyl ether 136 g/L
Solubility in acetone 120 g/L
Solubility in ethanol 78 g/L
log P 3.118
3.4 μmol·Pa−1·kg−1
−117.1·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Hexagonal
Tetrahedral at C
Thermochemistry
157.5 J/(K·mol)
180.1 – 182.1 kJ/mol
−716.9 – −718.1 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
D09AA13 (WHO)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H315, H319, H335
P261, P280, P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
1
1
Flash point 204 °C (399 °F; 477 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
  • 355 mg/kg (oral, rat)[3]
  • 1180 mg/kg (dermal, rat)[3]
  • 1.6 mmol/kg(s.c., mouse)[5]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 none[4]
REL (Recommended)
 0.6 ppm (10 mg/m3)[4]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 N.D.[4]
Related compounds
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Iodoform stored in an ampoule

Iodoform (also known as triiodomethane) is the organoiodine compound with the chemical formula CHI3. It is a pale yellow, crystalline, volatile substance, with a penetrating and distinctive odor (in older chemistry texts, the smell is sometimes referred to as that of hospitals, where the compound is still commonly used) and, analogous to chloroform, sweetish taste. It is occasionally used as a disinfectant.

  1. ^ "Front Matter". Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 661. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. The retained names 'bromoform' for HCBr3, 'chloroform' for HCCl3, and 'iodoform' for HCI3 are acceptable in general nomenclature. Preferred IUPAC names are substitutive names.
  2. ^ "Iodoform".
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  4. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0343". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  5. ^ Merck Index, 12 Edition, 5054
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