Jalayirid Sultanate جلایریان | |||||||||
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1335–1432 | |||||||||
![]() Fragmentation of the territory of the Ilkhanate territory into various polities, including the Jalayirids ( )
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Capital | |||||||||
Common languages | |||||||||
Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Established | 1335 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1432 | ||||||||
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Today part of |
The Jalayirid Sultanate (Persian: جلایریان) was a dynasty of Mongol Jalayir origin, which ruled over modern-day Iraq and western Iran after the breakup of the Mongol khanate of Persia in the 1330s.[5] It lasted about fifty years, until disrupted by Timur's conquests and the revolts of the Qara Qoyunlu Turkoman. After Timur's death in 1405, there was a brief attempt to re-establish the sultanate in southern Iraq and Khuzistan. The Jalayirids were finally eliminated by the Qara Qoyunlu in 1432.[6][7]
The Jalayirids were Turkicized and Turkic-speaking. They are credited with bolstering the Turkic presence in Arabic-speaking Iraq so much so that Turkic became the second-most-spoken language after Arabic.[4] The Jalayirids were also culturally Persianate,[8] and their era marks an important period in the evolution of Persian art, where it developed important aspects that would serve as the basis of later Persian paintings.[8]