Back الدولة الجلائرية Arabic Cəlairilər sultanlığı Azerbaijani جلایر سولطانلیغی AZB Dinastia jalayírida Catalan Sultanatong Jalāyiriyān CEB Džalájirovský sultanát Czech Dschalairiden German Σουλτανάτο των Τζαλαγιριδών Greek Dinastía yalayerí Spanish جلایریان Persian
Jalayirid Sultanate جلایریان | |||||||||||
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| 1335–1432 | |||||||||||
 Fragmentation of the territory of the Ilkhanate territory into various polities, including the Jalayirids ( )
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The Jalayirid Sultanate (Persian: جلایریان) was a dynasty of Jalayir origin, which ruled over modern-day Iraq and western Iran after the breakup of the Ilkhanate in the 1330s.[5] It lasted about fifty years, until disrupted by Timur's conquests and the revolts of the Qara Qoyunlu Turkoman. After Timur's death in 1405, there was a brief attempt to re-establish the sultanate in southern Iraq and Khuzistan. The Jalayirids were finally eliminated by the Qara Qoyunlu in 1432.[6][7]
The Jalayirids were Mongol and Turkicized and Turkic-speaking. They are credited with bolstering the Turkic presence in Arabic-speaking Iraq so much so that Turkic became the second-most-spoken language after Arabic.[4] The Jalayirids were also culturally Persianate,[8] and their era marks an important period in the evolution of Persian art, where it developed important aspects that would serve as the basis of later Persian paintings.[8]
- ^ Jackson & Lockhart 1986, p. 978.
- ^ Wing 2016, p. 18.
- ^ a b Broadbridge, Anne F. Kingship and Ideology in the Islamic and Mongol Worlds, (Cambridge University Press, 2008), 157.
- ^ a b Jackson & Lockhart 1986, p. 9.
- ^ Bayne Fisher, William. The Cambridge History of Iran, p. 3: "From then until Timur's invasion of the country, Iran was under the rule of various rival petty princes of whom henceforth only the Jalayirids could claim Mongol lineage"
- ^ Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. "Jalayerids". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2021-10-10.
- ^ Wing 2016
- ^ a b Wing 2016, p. 185.