James Barron (1769–1851) was an officer in the U.S. Navy.
James Barron may also refer to:
- James Barron (cricketer) (1900–1990), New Zealand cricketer
- James Barron (footballer) (1913–1969), English footballer
- James Barron (harbour engineer) (1842–1929), Scottish harbour designer
- James Barron (journalist) (born 1955), reporter for The New York Times
- Jim Barron (born 1943), English footballer