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^Sacks BC, Mattar SG, Qureshi FG, Eid GM, Collins JL, Barinas-Mitchell EJ, Schauer PR, Ramanathan RC (2006). "Incidence of marginal ulcers and the use of absorbable anastomotic sutures in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass". Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. 2 (1). American Society for Bariatric Surgery: 11–6. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2005.10.013. PMID16925306. Marginal ulceration is a known complication of both open and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, with an incidence of approximately 1% to 16%; most recent studies cite an incidence of approximately 2%