Johann Ewald

Johann von Ewald
Print of Ewald in his Danish general's uniform
Born	(1744-03-20)20 March 1744 Kassel, Hesse-Kassel (present-day Germany)
Died	25 June 1813(1813-06-25) (aged 69)
Allegiance	Hesse-Kassel Kingdom of Denmark-Norway
Service / branch	Army
Years of service	Hesse-Kassel: 1762–1788 Kingdom of Denmark-Norway: 1788–1813
Rank	Lieutenant General
Commands	Schleswig Jäger Corps Schleswig-Holstein Battalion of Light Infantry Military command of Hamburg Military command of the Duchy of Holstein
Battles / wars	Seven Years' War Battle of Corbach Battle of Warburg Siege of Cassel American Revolutionary War Battle of White Plains Battle of Iron Works Hill Battle of the Assunpink Creek Forage War Battle of Bound Brook Battle of Short Hills Battle of Cooch's Bridge Battle of Brandywine Battle of Germantown Battle of Red Bank Battle of White Marsh Battle of Barren Hill Battle of Monmouth Battle of Spencer's Ordinary Siege of Yorktown French Revolutionary Wars Napoleonic Wars Battle of Stralsund
Awards	Grand Cross of the Order of the Dannebrog French Legion of Honor Dutch Order of the Union Order of the Dannebrog

Johann von Ewald (20 March 1744 – 25 June 1813) was a German military officer from Hesse-Kassel. After first serving in the Seven Years' War, he was the commander of the Jäger corps of the Hessian Leib Infantry Regiment attached to British forces in the American Revolutionary War.^[1] He arrived with his troops, first serving in the Battle of White Plains in October 1776. He saw regular action until his capture at Yorktown in 1781. In 1788, he joined the Danish Army, where he rose to the rank of lieutenant general; he also served as governor general of Holstein during the Napoleonic Wars.^[2] Following his American war experiences, he wrote an Essay on Partisan Warfare (German: Abhandlung über den kleinen Krieg), a widely read treatise on guerrilla warfare. He also kept a journal during most of his time in North America that has since become a valuable resource for historians of the war.