John Augustine Hartford | |
|---|---|
| Born | February 10, 1872 |
| Died | September 20, 1951 (aged 79) Chrysler Building, Manhattan, New York, US |
| Employer | Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company |
| Title | President |
| Spouses |
|
| Parents |
|
| Relatives |
|
John Augustine Hartford (February 10, 1872 – September 20, 1951) was the longtime President of the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company ("A&P"), serving in that position for 35 years from 1916 until his death. His father, George Huntington Hartford (1833–1917) left the control of the company's voting stock to a trust that gave total control to John and his older brother George Ludlum Hartford (1864–1957) who served as chairman.[1] John, who one company historian named the "Merchant Prince",[2] ran the business operations side of the empire, while his brother George ran the financial side.[3] Time magazine interviewed John and his brother George who were on their cover in November 1950. Time wrote that "going to the A&P was almost an American tribal rite". The Wall Street Journal in an editorial on August 29, 2011, wrote "Together the brothers, neither of whom had finished high school, built what would be, for 40 years, the largest retail outlet in the world."[4] The New York Times in an editorial on September 7, 2011, wrote that John and George Hartford "were among the 20th century's most accomplished and visionary businessmen."[5]
Born and raised in Orange, New Jersey, John Hartford started his career at A&P in 1888 after finishing high school. Far more outgoing that either his father or older brother, John traveled extensively and became the team's representative in the far flung empire. After his father acquired ownership of the company from the estate of George Gilman, the company's founder, John lead the company's expansion and the firm became the largest grocery chain by 1915. He reinvented the company three times: the economy grocery store concept in 1912; the combination grocery/meat/produce store in the mid-1920s; and the self serve supermarket in the late 1930s.[2] As a result, he was responsible for improving the country's nutrition by lowering the cost of food and expanding the diet of the average American.[1]
John's personal life was also different from his conservative father and brother. He was married three times: to Pauline Augusta Corwin (1872–1948) in 1892; to Frances Bolger in 1924; and, to his first wife for a second time in 1925.[1] In 1950, Hartford had a chapel built on the New York-Presbyterian Hospital campus in memory of his recently deceased wife, Pauline.[6] He owned a large Tudor manor house in Valhalla, New York and maintained a suite at the Plaza Hotel. John had no children and left his estate to the John A. Hartford Foundation.[3] "To immortalize outstanding American merchants", Joseph Kennedy in 1953 commissioned a bronze bust of John's father George Huntington Hartford, four times life size along with 7 other men, which would come to be known as the Merchandise Mart Hall of Fame in Chicago.[7]
- ^ a b c Levinson, Marc (2019). The Great A&P and the struggle for small business in America, 2nd ed. Marc Levinson. ISBN 978-0-578-56210-0.
- ^ a b Walsh, William (1986). The Rise & Decline of The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company. Lyle Stuart Inc. ISBN 0-8184-0382-9.
- ^ a b Anderson, Avis (2002). The Story of the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company. Arcadia. ISBN 978-0-7385-1038-5.
- ^ "How a Grocer Bagged Profits". Wall Street Journal. August 29, 2011. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
- ^ "The Great A & P". New York Times. August 2011. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
- ^ http://www.hartfordfamily.org/images/HFF_News_2006.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "$25,000 Grant to LaneTech From The Richard H. Driehaus Foundation". Triblocal. November 16, 2010. Archived from the original on November 19, 2010. Retrieved November 23, 2010.