Josef Peskoller (August 19, 1896 – October 29, 1977) was an Austrian railway worker, resistance activist and Communist Party (KPÖ) politician. Peskoller and his wife Maria organized resistance activities during World War II. Josef suffered periods of imprisonment both during Austrofascism and after Anschluß, whilst Maria was executed after a Gestapo raid in 1944. After the war, Josef Peskoller was elected to the Carinthian Landtag (state parliament).