Judeo-Tat | |
---|---|
Cuhuri, Жугьури, ז׳אוּהאוּראִ | |
Native to | Azerbaijan, Russia – North Caucasian Federal District, spoken by immigrant communities in Israel, United States (New York City) |
Ethnicity | Mountain Jews |
Native speakers | 80,000 (2010–2018)[1] |
Latin, Cyrillic, Hebrew | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | jdt |
Glottolog | jude1256 |
ELP | Judeo-Tat |
![]() Judeo-Tat is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010) | |
Part of a series on |
Jewish culture |
---|
![]() |
Judeo-Tat or Juhuri (Cuhuri, Жугьури, ז׳אוּהאוּראִ) is a Judeo-Persian dialect of the Tat language historically spoken by the Mountain Jews, primarily in Azerbaijan, Dagestan, and today in Israel.[1] It belongs to the southwestern group of the Iranian division of the Indo-European languages with heavy influence from the Hebrew language. In the era of Soviet historiography, the Mountain Jews were mistakenly considered to be related to the Muslim Tats of Azerbaijan. However, they do not share a common linguistic heritage, as the Mountain Jews kept their native language (which itself was derived from their ancestors adopting Persian at an earlier date), while the Muslim Tats eventually adopted contemporary Persian. The words Juvuri and Juvuro translate as "Jewish" and "Jews".
Judeo-Tat features Semitic elements in all linguistic levels of the language. Uniquely, Judeo-Tat retains the voiced pharyngeal approximant, also known as ayin (ع/ע), a phoneme whose presence is considered to be a hallmark of Semitic languages such as Arabic and no longer found in Modern Hebrew; no neighbouring languages in Azerbaijan or Dagestan feature it. [3]
Judeo-Tat is an endangered language[4][5] classified as "definitely endangered" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.[6]
Clifton
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).