Khes (Punjabi: Shahmukhi:کھیس, Gurmukhi:ਖੇਸ੍) (Punjabi pronunciation: [kʰeːsː]) is a thick cotton blanket cloth in the Indian subcontinent; it is a damask cloth used for blankets and winter wraps.[1][2] Khes is generally hand-woven with coarse cotton yarns. Khes as a garment is a simple clothing item to wear loosely to cover the upper body by men in Pakistan and northwest India. Khes is an important cloth in the Sindh[3][4] and Punjab,[5] regions which are famous for its production and historically has been known for not only the production of Khes but also many other coarse cotton textiles, especially in the 19th and 20th centuries.[6][7] Khes is a comfort object used in bedding, and is also usable as a cover.[8][9][10][11][12][13]
- ^ Tortora, Phyllis G.; Johnson, Ingrid (2013-09-17). The Fairchild Books Dictionary of Textiles. A&C Black. pp. 327, 357, 361. ISBN 978-1-60901-535-0.
- ^ Mukharji, T. N. (1888). Art-manufactures of India. Gerstein - University of Toronto. Calcutta. p. 323.
- ^ IVS, Textile Resource Centre (2020-12-28). "CRAFTS OF SINDH". Agha Hasan Abedi Textile Resource Centre, Department of Textile Design, Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture. Retrieved 2024-03-03.
- ^ "Traditional weaving: Rain hampers last day of exhibition". The Express Tribune. 2010-12-31. Retrieved 2024-03-03.
- ^ "The Lost Tartan Khes of India – Global InCH- International Journal of Intangible Cultural Heritage". Retrieved 2020-11-30.
- ^ Parshad, Gopal (2007). Industrial Development in Northern India: A Study of Delhi, Punjab and Haryana, 1858-1918. National Book Organisation. ISBN 978-81-87521-20-4.
- ^ Punjab (India) (2000). Punjab State Gazetteer. Revenue and Rehabilitation Department, Punjab. pp. 299, 566.
- ^ A. BISWAS. Indian Costumes.
- ^ Baden-Powell, Baden Henry (1872). Hand-book of the Manufactures & Arts of the Punjab: With a Combined Glossary & Index of Vernacular Trades & Technical Terms ... Forming Vol. Ii to the "Hand-book of the Economic Products of the Punjab" Prepared Under the Orders of Government. Punjab printing Company. pp. 6, 16, 22.
- ^ Rutnagur, Sorabji M. (1984). The Indian Textile Journal. Business Press. p. 139.
- ^ Industries, Pakistan Ministry of; Yacopino, Feliccia (1977). Threadlines Pakistan. Ministry of Industries, Government of Pakistan.
- ^ Askari, Nasreen; Crill, Rosemary; Museum, Victoria and Albert (1997). Colours of the Indus: Costume and Textiles of Pakistan. M. Holberton. pp. 12, 88, 142. ISBN 978-1-85894-044-1.
- ^ . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 375 to 421.