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Kists or Kistins[a] is an old exonym of all Nakh peoples (Ingush, Chechens and Batsbi), under which local societies later were designated, and conditionally divided into nearby Kistins and distant Kistins.[1][2][3][4][5] In Russian sources of the 19th century, the term nearby Kistins referred to the inhabitants of the Kistin Gorge in the vicinity of river Armkhi, and distant Kistins referred to the inhabitants of the upper reaches of the Argun. Today the name is mostly used to refer to the Chechens who compactly live in the Pankisi Gorge of Georgia.[6][7][8]
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- ^ Chulkov, Zakharov, Kolpashnikov, Sablin, 1785
- ^ Charles Wallencey, 1804, p. 13.
- ^ Johann Christoph Adelung, 1806, p. 444.
- ^ Statistics of 1859 on taipas and societies – Tallamash – Catalog of articles – Oramash
- ^ Pauli Gustav-Fyodor Khristianovich. Ethnographic description of the peoples of Russia: [arch. September 27, 2020] = Description ethnographique des peuples de la Russie. - St. Petersburg: Type. F. Bellizard, 1862. - T. IV. — 310 p.
- ^ Zhdanov Yu.A. Encyclopedia of cultures of the peoples of the South of Russia: Peoples of the South of Russia. - Rostov-on-Don: North Caucasian Scientific Center of Higher Education (SKNTS VSh), 2005. - V. 1. - P. 148.
- ^ Elfimov V.O. Regional features of customary law (adat) of the Chechens of the XVXX centuries.
- ^ Alexey Golovlev. Essays on Chechnya: nature, population, recent history. Vector-S, 2007 - p. 295