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Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Epivir, Epivir-HBV, Zeffix, others[1] |
Other names | (−)-L-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a696011 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 86% |
Protein binding | Less than 36% |
Elimination half-life | 5 to 7 hours |
Excretion | Kidney (circa 70%) |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.132.250 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C8H11N3O3S |
Molar mass | 229.25 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Lamivudine, commonly called 3TC, is an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS.[1] It is also used to treat chronic hepatitis B when other options are not possible.[1] It is effective against both HIV-1 and HIV-2.[1] It is typically used in combination with other antiretrovirals such as zidovudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir.[1] Lamivudine may be included as part of post-exposure prevention in those who have been potentially exposed to HIV.[1] Lamivudine is taken by mouth as a liquid or tablet.[1]
Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headaches, feeling tired, and cough.[1] Serious side effects include liver disease, lactic acidosis, and worsening hepatitis B among those already infected.[1] It is safe for people over three months of age and can be used during pregnancy.[1] The medication can be taken with or without food.[1] Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and works by blocking the HIV reverse transcriptase and hepatitis B virus polymerase.[1]
Lamivudine was patented in 1995 and approved for use in the United States in 1995.[8][9] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[10] It is available as a generic medication.[1]
Epivir EPAR
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).Zeffix EPAR
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).