Landscape genomics is one of many strategies used to identify relationships between environmental factors and the genetic adaptation of organisms in response to these factors such as climate and soil.[1] Landscape genomics combines aspects of landscape ecology, population genetics and landscape genetics. The latter addresses how landscape features influence the population structure and gene flow of organisms across time and space. The field of landscape genomics is distinct from landscape genetics in that it is not focused on the neutral genetic processes, but considers, in addition to neutral processes such as drift and gene flow, explicitly adaptive processes, i.e. the role of natural selection.[2]
Population genomics utilizes outlier tests to identify genetic variation, which rely on identifying high genetic variation in populations.[1] However, more subtle forms of genetic variation can be detected in landscape genomics. Additionally, outlier tests do not aim to, nor do they facilitate the identification of selection pressures from the local environment that caused genetic variation.[1] Contrarily, landscape genomics aims to identify changes in the genome directly resulting from local environmental factors.
- ^ a b c Rellstab, Christian; Gugerli, Felix; Eckert, Andrew J.; Hancock, Angela M.; Holderegger, Rolf (2015). "A practical guide to environmental association analysis in landscape genomics". Molecular Ecology. 24 (17): 4348–4370. doi:10.1111/mec.13322. ISSN 1365-294X. PMID 26184487.
- ^ Li, Yong; Zhang, Xue-Xia; Mao, Run-Li; Yang, Jie; Miao, Cai-Yun; Li, Zhuo; Qiu, Ying-Xiong (Dec 2017). "Ten Years of Landscape Genomics: Challenges and Opportunities". Front. Plant Sci. 8: 2136. doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.02136. PMC 5733015. PMID 29312391.