Lead(II) iodide

Lead(II) iodide
Names
	Other names Plumbous iodide
Identifiers
CAS Number	10101-63-0 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	23305 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.220
EC Number	233-256-9;
PubChem CID	24931;
UNII	OTL90F2GLT ;
UN number	2291 3077
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID101014310 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2HI.Pb/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2 Key: RQQRAHKHDFPBMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/2HI.Pb/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2 Key: RQQRAHKHDFPBMC-NUQVWONBAP;
	SMILES I[Pb]I;
Properties
Chemical formula	PbI; 2
Molar mass	461.01 g/mol
Appearance	bright yellow powder
Odor	odorless
Density	6.16 g/cm3
Melting point	410 °C (770 °F; 683 K)
Boiling point	872 °C (1,602 °F; 1,145 K) decomp.
Solubility in water	0.44 g/L (0 °C); 0.76 g/L (20 °C); 4.1 g/L (100 °C);
Solubility product (Ksp)	4.41×10−9 (20 °C)
Solubility	insoluble in ethanol, cold HCl; soluble in alkalis, KI solution, methyl isopropyl ketone;
Band gap	2.34 eV (direct)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−126.5·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	Hexagonal hP6
Space group	P63mc, No. 186
Lattice constant	a = 0.4556 nm, b = 0.4556 nm, c = 1.3973 nm α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 120°°
Formula units (Z)	2
Coordination geometry	octahedral
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	77.4 J/(mol·K)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	174.9 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	-175.5 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	-173.6 kJ/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302, H332, H360, H373, H410
Precautionary statements	P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P281, P301+P312, P304+P312, P304+P340, P308+P313, P312, P314, P330, P391, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions	Lead(II) fluoride; Lead(II) chloride; Lead(II) bromide;
Other cations	Tin(II) iodide
Related compounds	Thallium(I) iodide; Bismuth(III) iodide;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Lead(II) iodide (or lead iodide) is a chemical compound with the formula PbI
₂. At room temperature, it is a bright yellow odorless crystalline solid, that becomes orange and red when heated.^[11] It was formerly called plumbous iodide.

The compound currently has a few specialized applications, such as the manufacture of solar cells,^[12] X-rays and gamma-ray detectors.^[13] Its preparation is an entertaining and popular demonstration in chemistry education, to teach topics such as precipitation reactions and stoichiometry.^[14] It is decomposed by light at temperatures above 125 °C (257 °F), and this effect has been used in a patented photographic process.^[4]^[15]

Lead iodide was formerly employed as a yellow pigment in some paints, with the name iodide yellow. However, that use has been largely discontinued due to its toxicity and poor stability.^[16]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Haynes (2016), p. 4.69.
^ Clever, H. L.; Johnston, F. J. (1980). "The Solubility of Some Sparingly Soluble Lead Salts: An Evaluation of the Solubility in Water and Aqueous Electrolyte Solution" (PDF). J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data (NIST data review). 9 (3): 751–784. Bibcode:1980JPCRD...9..751C. doi:10.1063/1.555628. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-11. Retrieved 2017-07-13.
^ Haynes (2016), p. 5.171.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference patnaik was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference west was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Ahuja, R.; Arwin, H.; Ferreira Da Silva, A.; Persson, C.; Osorio-Guillén, J. M.; Souza De Almeida, J.; Moyses Araujo, C.; Veje, E.; Veissid, N.; An, C. Y.; Pepe, I.; Johansson, B. (2002). "Electronic and optical properties of lead iodide". Journal of Applied Physics. 92 (12): 7219–7224. Bibcode:2002JAP....92.7219A. doi:10.1063/1.1523145. hdl:10495/11556. S2CID 29398039.
^ Zhong, Mianzeng; Zhang, Shuai; Huang, Le; You, Jingbi; Wei, Zhongming; Liu, Xinfeng; Li, Jingbo (2017). "Large-scale 2D PbI₂ monolayers: experimental realization and their indirect band-gap related properties". Nanoscale. 9 (11): 3736–3741. doi:10.1039/c6nr07924e. PMID 28102404.
^ Haynes (2016), p. 4.128.
^ Brixner, L.H.; Chen, H.-Y.; Foris, C.M. (1981). "X-ray study of the PbCl_2−xI_x and PbBr_2−xI_x systems". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 40 (3): 336–343. Bibcode:1981JSSCh..40..336B. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(81)90400-X.
^ Haynes (2016), p. 5.24.
^ Cite error: The named reference sigma was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Dhiaputra was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Shah was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference anthony was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference patphot was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Eastaugh was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[FOOTNOTEHaynes20164.69-1] Haynes (2016), p. 4.69.

[2] Clever, H. L.; Johnston, F. J. (1980). "The Solubility of Some Sparingly Soluble Lead Salts: An Evaluation of the Solubility in Water and Aqueous Electrolyte Solution" (PDF). J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data (NIST data review). 9 (3): 751–784. Bibcode:1980JPCRD...9..751C. doi:10.1063/1.555628. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-11. Retrieved 2017-07-13.

[FOOTNOTEHaynes20165.171-3] Haynes (2016), p. 5.171.

[patnaik-4] Cite error: The named reference patnaik was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[west-5] Cite error: The named reference west was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[6] Ahuja, R.; Arwin, H.; Ferreira Da Silva, A.; Persson, C.; Osorio-Guillén, J. M.; Souza De Almeida, J.; Moyses Araujo, C.; Veje, E.; Veissid, N.; An, C. Y.; Pepe, I.; Johansson, B. (2002). "Electronic and optical properties of lead iodide". Journal of Applied Physics. 92 (12): 7219–7224. Bibcode:2002JAP....92.7219A. doi:10.1063/1.1523145. hdl:10495/11556. S2CID 29398039.

[7] Zhong, Mianzeng; Zhang, Shuai; Huang, Le; You, Jingbi; Wei, Zhongming; Liu, Xinfeng; Li, Jingbo (2017). "Large-scale 2D PbI₂ monolayers: experimental realization and their indirect band-gap related properties". Nanoscale. 9 (11): 3736–3741. doi:10.1039/c6nr07924e. PMID 28102404.

[FOOTNOTEHaynes20164.128-8] Haynes (2016), p. 4.128.

[str-9] Brixner, L.H.; Chen, H.-Y.; Foris, C.M. (1981). "X-ray study of the PbCl_2−xI_x and PbBr_2−xI_x systems". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 40 (3): 336–343. Bibcode:1981JSSCh..40..336B. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(81)90400-X.

[FOOTNOTEHaynes20165.24-10] Haynes (2016), p. 5.24.

[sigma-11] Cite error: The named reference sigma was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Dhiaputra-12] Cite error: The named reference Dhiaputra was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Shah-13] Cite error: The named reference Shah was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[anthony-14] Cite error: The named reference anthony was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[patphot-15] Cite error: The named reference patphot was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Eastaugh-16] Cite error: The named reference Eastaugh was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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Lead(II) iodide

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