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Early life (1825–40) .svg){kind=small} |
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| Pedro II | |||||
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 To the Brazilian people, Emperor Pedro II is the iconic embodiment of the wise, benevolent, austere and honest fatherlike figure. | |||||
| Emperor of Brazil | |||||
| Reign | 7 April 1831 – 15 November 1889 | ||||
| Coronation | 18 July 1841 Imperial Chapel | ||||
| Predecessor | Pedro I | ||||
| Successor | Monarchy abolished | ||||
| Regents | See list (1831–1840) | ||||
| Prime ministers | See list | ||||
| Head of the Imperial House of Brazil | |||||
| Tenure | 7 April 1831 – 5 December 1891 | ||||
| Predecessor | Pedro I, Emperor of Brazil | ||||
| Successor | Isabel, Princess Imperial | ||||
| Born | 2 December 1825 Palace of São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, Empire of Brazil | ||||
| Died | 5 December 1891 (aged 66) Paris, France | ||||
| Burial | 5 December 1939 | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue Detail | |||||
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| House | Braganza | ||||
| Father | Pedro I of Brazil | ||||
| Mother | Maria Leopoldina of Austria | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
| Signature |  | ||||
The legacy of Pedro II of Brazil became apparent soon after his death. Emperor Pedro II was the second and last monarch of the Empire of Brazil, whose long 58-year reign (1831–1889) represented a time of remarkable prosperity and progress for his country. Despite his achievements, he was deposed in a coup by disgruntled republicans, though there was no desire for a change in the form of government among the majority of the Brazilian people.
His popularity among the citizenry had never waned, and support continued to be evident, even on the eve of his overthrow and throughout his exile. He was seen as a hero, a model citizen, a caring monarch, and the source of national unity and well-being. Following his death, political wrangling prevented the return of his remains to Brazil. Continued efforts to repatriate the bodies of the Emperor and his wife dragged on for decades. The disputes were resolved and this was finally accomplished in 1920 with much fanfare. Over the decades, Pedro II gradually grew within Brazil to represent the archetypical benevolent, self-effacing and effective ruler concerned only for the national welfare.
Aside from the prosperity and modernization Pedro II left to the nation, there was also a heritage of political and personal values. Many of his reforms and achievements had become so much a part of the national consciousness that they were accommodated by successor regimes. These formed the foundation for Brazilian democratic ideals. Historians have also largely agreed that Pedro II's reign was not merely benign, but rather, exceptionally constructive and progressive. He has also consistently been ranked by scholars as the greatest Brazilian.